In-situ ultrasonic monitoring for Vat Photopolymerization

Vallabh, Chaitanya Krishna Prasad; Zhang, Yue; Zhao, Xiayun

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2022.102801

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Lastly, to further advance the knowledge on smart materials a new method of "Insitu" monitoring is being tested. This method is cost effective, non-destructive and yields rich insights regarding the mechanical property and curing of just-printed materials [74].…”

Section: Challenges and Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Printing of Shape Memory Polymers: A Concise Review of Photopolymerized Acrylate-Based Materials

Sosa

Baldos

Basilia

2023

DFMA

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This paper presents a concise review on 4D printing of shape memory polymers that focuses on the use of acrylate-based materials using photopolymerization. Stereolithography (SLA), Digital Light Processing (DLP), Inkjet Printing (IJP), and UV assisted Direct ink Writing (UV-DIW) are the photopolymerization printing techniques that uses acrylate-based materials. These acrylate-based feedstocks will be polymerized during printing by the presence of UV light to form shape memory polymers (SMPs). Acrylate-based SMPs will change their shape in response to heat, water, light, and pH. Demonstrated applications of these 4D printed acrylate-bases SMPs are in biomedical, soft robotics, flexible electronics, and structural materials. However, 4D printing is still in the early stage and there are a lot of challenges like enhancing mechanical properties, biocompatibility, limited kind of SMPs, high cost of 4D printing system, and many more that needs to be addressed before a viable product can be produced.

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Section: Challenges and Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Printing of Shape Memory Polymers: A Concise Review of Photopolymerized Acrylate-Based Materials

Sosa

Baldos

Basilia

2023

DFMA

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“…Gong et al [ 39 ] developed a mathematical model for optical dose (irradiance × time) delivered as a function of cure depth, including voids for microfluidic applications. Further, in-situ characterization techniques are reported, such as ultrasonic imaging [ 40 , 41 , 42 ], atomic force microscopy [ 43 ], and FTIR spectroscopy [ 44 , 45 ] for real-time prediction of polymerization and quick optimization of parameters before printing with polymer-based additive manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design and Characterization of Materials for Optimized Additive Manufacturing by Digital Light Processing

Chaudhary

Akbari²,

Antonini³

2023

Polymers

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Additive manufacturing technologies are developed and utilized to manufacture complex, lightweight, functional, and non-functional components with optimized material consumption. Among them, vat polymerization-based digital light processing (DLP) exploits the polymerization of photocurable resins in the layer-by-layer production of three-dimensional objects. With the rapid growth of the technology in the last few years, DLP requires a rational design framework for printing process optimization based on the specific material and printer characteristics. In this work, we investigate the curing of pure photopolymers, as well as ceramic and metal suspensions, to characterize the material properties relevant to the printing process, such as penetration depth and critical energy. Based on the theoretical framework offered by the Beer–Lambert law for absorption and on experimental results, we define a printing space that can be used to rationally design new materials and optimize the printing process using digital light processing. The proposed methodology enables printing optimization for any material and printer combination, based on simple preliminary material characterization tests to define the printing space. Also, this methodology can be generalized and applied to other vat polymerization technologies.

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