In-situ validation of a fault tolerant control strategy for VAV systems

Shan, Kui; Wang, Shengwei; Gao, Dongyue; Lee, Sam W. Sws

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.05.032

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Different strategies have been investigated to tackle this issue, but due to their complications and data requirements, they are not applicable for real-time systems [144]. Meanwhile, a control method has also been developed in [145] by use of basic principles in [146] to optimize the chiller sequence.…”

Section: B Control Strategies For Dr Programs Of Acsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technologies and Practical Implementations of Air-conditioner Based Demand Response

Waseem

Lin

Ding

et al. 2021

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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Nowadays, the most notable uncertainty for an electricity utility lies in the electrical demand of end-users. Demand response (DR) has acquired considerable attention due to uncertain generation outputs from intermittent renewable energy sources and advancements of smart grid technologies. The percentage of the air-conditioner (AC) load over the total load demand in a building is usually very high. Therefore, controlling the power demand of ACs is one of significant measures for implementing DR. In this paper, the increasing development of ACs, and their impacts on power demand are firstly introduced, with an overview of possible DR programs. Then, a comprehensive review and discussion on control techniques and DR programs for ACs to manage electricity utilization in residential and commercial energy sectors are carried out. Next, comparative analysis among various programs and projects utilized in different countries for optimizing electricity consumption by ACs is presented. Finally, the conclusions along with future recommendations and challenges for optimal employment of ACs are presented in the perspective of power systems.

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Section: B Control Strategies For Dr Programs Of Acsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technologies and Practical Implementations of Air-conditioner Based Demand Response

Waseem

Lin

Ding

et al. 2021

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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“…If the air flow value measured by the air flow sensor is significantly different from the set point, the VAV terminal unit controls the actuator to open the damper or close it [ 14 ]. Moreover, the air flow measurements of air flow sensors also decide the power of the fan which controls the air flow value to the required value [ 15 , 16 ]. Obviously, the accuracy of air flow sensors is critical to the accuracy of airflow calculations for HVAC systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Universal Calibration Device for an Air Flow Sensor of the VAV Terminal Unit

Zhang

Cai

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In this paper, a new calibration device for an air flow sensor of the VAV terminal unit is designed. Multi-aperture air outlets are designed to meet the calibration requirements of the air flow sensor in a variety of measurement range. The device can calibrate the air flow sensors of different types of VAV terminal unit by a movable flow rectifier without repeating the design of a different calibration pipeline. The Raspberry PI is used to design the high-performance GUI interface and controlling algorithm to achieve a one-button intelligent calibration. The air flow sensors in three different types of VAV terminal units are used to calibrate the experiment. After testing, the differential pressure value measured by the air flow sensor can accurately measure the air flow within the accuracy of 5% after the formula conversion. The conversion from differential pressure values to air flow values requires precise calibration in order to establish an accurate air flow equation, and here the calibration device plays a key role. The negative effect caused by the distance between the flow rectifiers and the VAV terminal unit is discovered. In other words, the distance between the inlet flow rectifier and the air inlet of VAV terminal unit should be kept as close as possible, or within a range of 2~3 cm. Moreover, the distance between the air outlet of VAV terminal unit and the middle-flow rectifier should be kept as close as possible; otherwise, any slight gap will cause a huge error in the calibration result. The research contributes to the further study of airflow sensing technology through the conversion and calibration of differential pressure measurements to accurate air flow values.

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“…To address these issues, the fault tolerant control method can be used [9]. In this paper, a chiller sequence control method that is tolerant to sensor errors is developed based on typical strategies using basic principles.…”

Section: Introduction 11 Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%