In situ X-ray diffraction investigation of zinc based electrode in Ni–Zn secondary batteries

Moser, François; Fourgeot, F.; Rouget, Robert; Crosnier, Olivier; Brousse, Thierry

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.023

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…X-ray diffraction patterns of the charged cycled zinc-glass composites in Figure 7 indicate the existence of zinc oxide, metallic zinc, and rhombohedral metallic bismuth. These Bi metal reflections have already been observed and discussed in the literature on zinc anodes with bismuth oxide [18,26,27]. Metallic bismuth enhances the electrical conductivity through the gel matrix and enables the zinc-glass composite (sample 2, sample 3, and sample 4) to be recharged.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 87%

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Mechanical Coating of Zinc Particles with Bi2O3-Li2O-ZnO Glasses as Anode Material for Rechargeable Zinc-Based Batteries

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The electrochemical performance of zinc particles with 250 µm and 30 µm diameters, coated with Bi 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-ZnO glass is investigated and compared with noncoated zinc particles. Galvanostatic investigations were conducted in the form of complete discharge and charging cycles in electrolyte excess. Coated 30 µm zinc particles provide the best rechargeability after complete discharge. The coatings reached an average charge capacity over 20 cycles of 113 mAh/g compared to the known zero rechargeability of uncoated zinc particles. Proposed reasons for the prolonged cycle life are effective immobilization of discharge products in the glass layer and the formation of percolating metallic bismuth and zinc phases, forming a conductive network through the glass matrix. The coating itself is carried out by mechanical ball milling. Different coating parameters and the resulting coating quality as well as their influence on the passivation and on the rechargeability of zinc-glass composites is investigated. Optimized coating qualities with respect to adhesion, homogeneity and compactness of the glass layer are achieved at defined preparation conditions, providing a glass coating content of almost 5 wt % for 250 µm zinc particles and almost 11 wt % for 30 µm zinc particles.

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Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 87%

“…As a result, zincate ions remain in the electrode as electrochemically active material and do not migrate to the electrolyte. Due to the formation of electronically percolated Bi paths inside the Bi2O3, the electrode becomes rechargeable [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Coating of Zinc Particles with Bi2O3-Li2O-ZnO Glasses as Anode Material for Rechargeable Zinc-Based Batteries

et al. 2018

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“…In this regard, metallic zinc (Zn) has been considered to be one of the alternatives due to its low potential (−0.762 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)), high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g −1 ), large abundance, environmental‐friendly properties, and inherent safety 7–9. Up to now, various Zn‐based batteries have been widely investigated, such as Zn–air battery,10–13 Zn–NiOOH battery,14–16 Zn–V 2 O 5 battery,17–19 Zn–MnO 2 battery,20–23 etc. However, besides the dendrite growth in the electrolyte, the Zn anode corrosion and the formation of ZnO densification on the Zn electrode surface have become the challenges for the development of rechargeable Zn‐based batteries, which would result in poor reversibility, low Coulombic efficiency (CE), and the decayed capacity 24.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Reversible Zn Anode Enabled by Controllable Formation of Nucleation Sites for Zn‐Based Batteries

Liang

Liu

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

630

425

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Aqueous Zn batteries have drawn tremendous attention for their several advantages. However, the challenges of Zn anodes such as the corrosion and ZnO densification have compromised their application in rechargeable Zn‐based batteries. In this paper, a straightforward strategy is employed to facilitate the uniform Zn stripping/plating of the Zn anode through using a ZrO2 coating layer, which contributes to the controllable nucleation sites for Zn2+ and fast Zn2+ transportation through the favorable Maxwell–Wagner polarization. As a result, the low polarization (24 mV at 0.25 mA cm−2), high Coulombic efficiency (99.36% at 20 mA cm−2), and long cycle life (over 3800 h at 0.25 mA cm−2) can be obtained for the ZrO2‐coated Zn anode. It is believed that the ZrO2 coating layer can also act as an inert physical barrier to decrease the contact of the anode and electrolyte, thus reducing both the Zn corrosion and formation of ZnO densification, and then improve the reversibility of Zn anode. The results demonstrated in this work provide an appealing strategy for the future development of rechargeable Zn‐based batteries.

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“…Combining X-ray diffraction with electrochemical investigations may bring new opportunities for studying the electrochemical reaction pathways and the phase changes of electrode materials. 11,12 Within this context, this paper focuses on developing in situ X-ray diffraction measurements coupled with electrochemical analysis to identify the structural changes of the nickel catalysts and to investigate the reaction mechanism of urea electrolysis. Since nickel electrodes have also been widely used in alkaline rechargeable batteries, 13 supercapacitors, 14 and fuel cells, 15 the developed in situ X-ray diffraction technique can be extended to study these electrochemical systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

In Situ X-Ray Diffraction Study of Urea Electrolysis on Nickel Catalysts

Wang

Botte

2014

ECS Electrochemistry Letters

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In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique combined with electrochemical analysis was used for investigating the structural changes of nickel hydroxide catalysts in alkaline media and to provide a better understanding of the reaction mechanism of urea electrooxidation for applications in hydrogen production, fuel cells, and sensors. The evolution of XRD patterns reveals Ni(OH) 2 is electrochemically oxidized to NiOOH at cell voltages from 1.2 to 1.6 V. The generated NiOOH reacts with urea and thus is reduced back to Ni(OH) 2 , while urea is concurrently oxidized. The technique can be extended to other electrochemical systems (alkaline rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells).In the past half decade, urea has attracted growing attention as a promising hydrogen carrier for long term sustainable energy supply. [1][2][3] The intrinsic properties of urea, such as non-toxic, non-flammable, and easy storage (solid state at room temperature), facilitate hydrogen storage and transportation comparing to other flammable liquids or gas hydrogen carriers. 1,4 Urea electrolysis has been demonstrated as an effective technique for directly converting urea to hydrogen and benign nitrogen. 2 Moreover, urea electrolysis finds applications in the removal of urea from wastewater produced from industrial synthesis of urea, providing environmental and energy saving advantages. 1,5 Nickel catalysts have been developed for catalyzing the process of urea electrooxidation, which not only alleviate the requirement of expensive noble metal catalysts, but also promote the reaction rate. 2,5 Different structured and componential nickel based catalysts have been evaluated for urea electrolysis. 6-8 Although NiOOH has been proposed to catalyze urea electrooxidation through density functional theory (DFT) calculations 9 and Ni-O bending and stretching vibrations of NiOOH has been detected by Raman spectroscopy, 10 no direct crystal evidence of the structural changes of the nickel hydroxide catalysts in alkaline media proves the reaction mechanism of urea electrolysis.X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful technique for phase identification of crystalline materials. Combining X-ray diffraction with electrochemical investigations may bring new opportunities for studying the electrochemical reaction pathways and the phase changes of electrode materials. 11,12 Within this context, this paper focuses on developing in situ X-ray diffraction measurements coupled with electrochemical analysis to identify the structural changes of the nickel catalysts and to investigate the reaction mechanism of urea electrolysis. Since nickel electrodes have also been widely used in alkaline rechargeable batteries, 13 supercapacitors, 14 and fuel cells, 15 the developed in situ X-ray diffraction technique can be extended to study these electrochemical systems. ExperimentalAll of the electrochemical measurements were performed in a 5M KOH solution in the absence and presence of 1M urea. The details of electrode preparation and electrochemical setup were demo...

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In situ X-ray diffraction investigation of zinc based electrode in Ni–Zn secondary batteries

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

Mechanical Coating of Zinc Particles with Bi2O3-Li2O-ZnO Glasses as Anode Material for Rechargeable Zinc-Based Batteries

Mechanical Coating of Zinc Particles with Bi2O3-Li2O-ZnO Glasses as Anode Material for Rechargeable Zinc-Based Batteries

Highly Reversible Zn Anode Enabled by Controllable Formation of Nucleation Sites for Zn‐Based Batteries

In Situ X-Ray Diffraction Study of Urea Electrolysis on Nickel Catalysts

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