In support of “Toxicity of herbal medications suggested as treatment for COVID‐19: A narrative review”

DiPietro, Michael A.; Mondie, Christopher

doi:10.1002/emp2.12482

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…These symptoms are followed by neurological symptoms, including drowsiness, insanity, generalized weakness, hyperkalemia, and potentially lethal cardiotoxicity, usually with arrhythmia, fibrillation by bradycardia and atrioventricular conduction block due to conduction issues ( Clark et al, 1991 ; Haeba et al, 2002 ; Yanyan. ; Cen et al, 2018 ; Pillay and Sasidharan, 2019 ; DiPietro and Mondie, 2021 ). The most common cardiac manifestation is atrioventricular junction blocks associated with increased ventricular automaticity.…”

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleandrin: A Systematic Review of its Natural Sources, Structural Properties, Detection Methods, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology

et al. 2022

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Oleandrin is a highly lipid-soluble cardiac glycoside isolated from the plant Nerium oleander (Apocynaceae) and is used as a traditional herbal medicine due to its excellent pharmacological properties. It is widely applied for various disease treatments, such as congestive heart failure. Recently, oleandrin has attracted widespread attention due to its extensive anti-cancer and novel anti-viral effects. However, oleandrin has a narrow therapeutic window and exhibits various toxicities, especially typical cardiotoxicity, which is often fatal. This severe toxicity and low polarity have significantly hindered its application in the clinic. This review describes natural sources, structural properties, and detection methods of oleandrin. Based on reported poisoning cases and sporadic animal experiments, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of oleandrin are summarized, so as to infer some possible phenomena, such as enterohepatic circulation. Moreover, the relevant factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of oleandrin are analyzed, and some research approaches that may ameliorate the pharmacokinetic behavior of oleandrin are proposed. With the toxicology of oleandrin being thoroughly reviewed, the development of safe clinical applications of oleandrin may be possible given potential research strategies to decrease toxicity.

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Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleandrin: A Systematic Review of its Natural Sources, Structural Properties, Detection Methods, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology

et al. 2022

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Immunity boosters in COVID-19: Reality or myth?

et al. 2022

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COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented threat to human beings. The emergence of pathogens always had been a threat as the designing and verification of treatment strategies and vaccines take time. In such a scenario, the use of strategies, formulations, or chemicals to improve immunity can provide protection, at least partially. The use of some traditional or folk medicinal preparations and other supplements derived from plants are among the most common agents used for keeping immunity tidy and tough. They are used by many with the belief that being herbal in origin these agents are safe. These formulations/preparations are regarded as “Immunity Boosters.” Revolving information and advertisements in bulk and the strategies of “the attention economy” also propagate this belief. The term “Immunity Booster” is a misnomer for these agents and is scientifically not approved. However, the benefits of these herbal formulations cannot be denied. Few of these herbal formulations have benefits in preventive and therapeutic management infections including those of SARS-CoV-2. Due to lifestyle, diet habits, deficiencies and neuropsychological stress, the immunity of a large fraction of the population is not optimal. Uncertainty and fear prevalent in the time of pandemic also negatively affect the immunity threshold. Many phytochemicals have been proven to aid in maintaining the threshold of immune response to an optimal level in subjects with compromised states of immunity. The immunomodulatory potential of these traditional herbal formulations also offers advantages when used along with standard operating procedures in COVID-19. Proposed formulations and their components also have disadvantageous effects and must be used under supervision with scientific methods. Excessive use of these agents may not only affect the organ and tissues deleteriously, but it can also invite immunopathology. Experimental verification of benefits being offered by these herbal agents will aid in their rightful exploitation in the therapy of human ailments including COVID-19.

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In support of “Toxicity of herbal medications suggested as treatment for COVID‐19: A narrative review”

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Oleandrin: A Systematic Review of its Natural Sources, Structural Properties, Detection Methods, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology

Oleandrin: A Systematic Review of its Natural Sources, Structural Properties, Detection Methods, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology

Immunity boosters in COVID-19: Reality or myth?

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