In-Time Non-Participant Casualty Risk Assessment to Support Onboard Decision Making for Autonomous Unmanned Aircraft

Ancel, Ersin; Capristan, Francisco M.; Condotta, Ryan C.

doi:10.2514/6.2019-3053

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Lin & Shao (2020) compute the expected level of safety (ELS) of a path as a function of mean time between failures, the area of exposure in square meters (assuming a ground impact), the population density, and accident severity. Ancel et al (2017) and Ancel et al (2019) present a real-time risk assessment framework that quantifies the risks to bystanders for operations in populated areas. They consider three separate modules:…”

Section: Background: Safety Analysis Health Man-agement and Online Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we define the risk of mission failure as: the product of the likelihood of mission failure and the consequences of mission failure. With this proposed framework, we can seamlessly integrate with modules for impact point prediction and casualty estimation developed by (Ancel et al, 2017(Ancel et al, , 2019 and (Primatesta et al, 2019).…”

Section: Proposed Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Online decision making and path planning framework for safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in urban scenarios

̃nones-Grueiro

Biswas

Ahmed

et al. 2021

IJPHM

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As the potential for deploying low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in urban spaces increases, ensuring their safe operations is becoming a major concern. Given the uncertainties in their operational environments caused by wind gusts, degraded state of health, and probability of collision with static and dynamic objects, it becomes imperative to develop online decision-making schemes to ensure safe flights. In this paper, we propose an online decision-making framework that takes into account the state of health of the UAV, the environmental conditions, and the obstacle map to assess the probability of mission failure and re-plan accordingly. The online re-planning strategy considers two situations: (1) updating the current trajectory to reduce the probability of collision; and (2) defining a new trajectory to find a new safe landing spot, if continued flight would result in risk values above a pre-specified threshold. The re-planning routine uses the differential evolution optimization method and takes into account the dynamics of the UAV and its components as well as the environmental wind conditions. The new trajectory generation routine combines probabilistic road-maps with B-spline smoothing to ensure a dynamically feasible trajectory. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by running UAV flight simulation experiments in urban scenarios.

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Section: Background: Safety Analysis Health Man-agement and Online Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online decision making and path planning framework for safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in urban scenarios

̃nones-Grueiro

Biswas

Ahmed

et al. 2021

IJPHM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the safety assurance system, several other studies propose technical means to deal with these safety risks. These technical means include geo-fencing systems [30][31][32], autonomous collision avoidance systems such as the ICAROUS system [33,34], real-time risk assessment frameworks [35,36], flying time prediction algorithms [37,38], or a real-time software health management system for UAS [39].…”

Section: Autonomous Flight Operation In Urban Airspacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of a severe system malfunction leading to a crash, timely hazard identification and proactive risk mitigation capabilities are needed to avoid endangering the public. Ancel et al [35,36] developed a casualty risk assessment algorithm that includes three estimation models. The first one is a probabilistic model for computing the current failure probability and thus the mishap likelihood based on current vehicle health parameters, such as battery charge level or motor temperatures.…”

Section: Casualty Risk Assessment Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An estimation of the current casualty risk during UAS operation can be computed using real-time risk assessment. One example for such a risk assessment framework for UAS UTM was developed by Ancel et al [35,36]. They developed an algorithm that computes the current mishap likelihood based on current system parameters.…”

Section: Unsafe Proximity To People and Property-minimization Of Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human–Machine Interface Design for Monitoring Safety Risks Associated with Operating Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Urban Areas

Friedrich

Vollrath

2021

Aerospace

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The envisioned introduction of autonomous Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) into low-altitude urban airspace necessitates high levels of system safety. Despite increased system autonomy, humans will most likely remain an essential component in assuring safety. This paper derives, applies, and evaluates a display design concept that aims to support safety risk monitoring of multiple sUAS by a human operator. The concept comprises of five design principles. The core idea of the concept is to limit display complexity despite increasing the number of sUAS monitored by primarily visualizing highly abstracted information while hiding detailed information of lower abstraction, unless specifically requested by the human operator. States of highly abstracted functions are visualized by function-specific icons that change hue in accordance to specified system states. Simultaneously, the design concept aims to support the human operator in identifying off-nominal situations by implementing design properties that guide visual attention. The display was evaluated in a study with seven subject matter experts. Although preliminary, the results clearly favor the proposed display design concept. The advantages of the proposed design concept are demonstrated, and the next steps for further exploring the proposed display design concept are outlined.

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Improvement of a multi-rotor UAV flight response simulation influenced by gust

Park

Lee

et al. 2023

Aerospace Science and Technology

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In-Time Non-Participant Casualty Risk Assessment to Support Onboard Decision Making for Autonomous Unmanned Aircraft

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Online decision making and path planning framework for safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in urban scenarios

Online decision making and path planning framework for safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in urban scenarios

Human–Machine Interface Design for Monitoring Safety Risks Associated with Operating Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Urban Areas

Improvement of a multi-rotor UAV flight response simulation influenced by gust

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