In Utero Brain Growth Matters for Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease

Seed, Mike; Limperopoulos, Catherine

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.122.058683

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results also indicate that fetal brain:body volumes are significantly reduced in fetuses with reduced cerebral substrate delivery in‐utero, suggesting that these fetuses not only have smaller absolute brain volumes, but smaller brain volumes than would be expected when considering the size of their body. Fetal brain development is a complex, tightly regulated process, but reduced oxygen levels, however they occur, can disrupt these processes, leading to overall diminished brain growth 20,48,49 . Potential “brain‐sparing” compensatory mechanisms such as cerebrovascular dilatation, increased cardiac output or hematological adaptations can mitigate some of these effects 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fetal brain development is a complex, tightly regulated process, but reduced oxygen levels, however they occur, can disrupt these processes, leading to overall diminished brain growth. 20 , 48 , 49 Potential “brain-sparing” compensatory mechanisms such as cerebrovascular dilatation, increased cardiac output or hematological adaptations can mitigate some of these effects. 50 However, these compensatory mechanisms are likely to rely at least in part on normal streaming of oxygen-rich blood from the placenta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total and Regional Brain Volumes in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease

Cromb,

Uus,

Van Poppel

et al. 2023

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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BackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) is common and is associated with impaired early brain development and neurodevelopmental outcomes, yet the exact mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear.PurposeTo utilize MRI data from a cohort of fetuses with CHD as well as typically developing fetuses to test the hypothesis that expected cerebral substrate delivery is associated with total and regional fetal brain volumes.Study TypeRetrospective case–control study.PopulationThree hundred eighty fetuses (188 male), comprising 45 healthy controls and 335 with isolated CHD, scanned between 29 and 37 weeks gestation. Fetuses with CHD were assigned into one of four groups based on expected cerebral substrate delivery.Field Strength/SequenceT2‐weighted single‐shot fast‐spin‐echo sequences and a balanced steady‐state free precession gradient echo sequence were obtained on a 1.5 T scanner.AssessmentImages were motion‐corrected and reconstructed using an automated slice‐to‐volume registration reconstruction technique, before undergoing segmentation using an automated pipeline and convolutional neural network that had undergone semi‐supervised training. Differences in total, regional brain (cortical gray matter, white matter, deep gray matter, cerebellum, and brainstem) and brain:body volumes were compared between groups.Statistical TestsANOVA was used to test for differences in brain volumes between groups, after accounting for sex and gestational age at scan. PFDR‐values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsTotal and regional brain volumes were smaller in fetuses where cerebral substrate delivery is reduced. No significant differences were observed in total or regional brain volumes between control fetuses and fetuses with CHD but normal cerebral substrate delivery (all PFDR > 0.12). Severely reduced cerebral substrate delivery is associated with lower brain:body volume ratios.Data ConclusionTotal and regional brain volumes are smaller in fetuses with CHD where there is a reduction in cerebral substrate delivery, but not in those where cerebral substrate delivery is expected to be normal.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and Regional Brain Volumes in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease

Cromb,

Uus,

Van Poppel

et al. 2023

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Single-Cell RNA-Seq Analysis of Hearts in Patients with Fetal Tetralogy of Fallot

Ding,

Zhu,

et al. 2024

Cardiology

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Introduction: To explore the cytological characteristics of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), we collected samples and studied the differences in cytological classification between normal fetal hearts and fetuses with TOF, and then we searched for possible differential genes of disease markers through single-cell sequencing analysis. Methods: In this study, we analyzed the right ventricle of a TOF and a healthy human fetal heart sample by single-cell sequencing. Utilizing Cellranger to perform data quality control filtering, comparison, quantification, and identification of recovered cells on the raw data, ultimately obtaining gene expression matrices for each cell. Subsequently, Seurat was used for further cell filtration, standardization, cell subgroup classification, differential expression gene analysis of each subgroup, and Marker gene screening. Results: Bioinformatic analysis identified 9979 and 15224 cells derived from the healthy and disease samples, respectively, with an average read depth of 25000/cell. The cardiomyocyte cell populations derived from the abnormal samples identified by the first-level graph-based analysis were separated into six distinct cell clusters. Conclusions: Our study reveals some information on TOF in a fetus, which can provide a new reference for early detection and treatment of TOF by comparing it with normal heart cells.

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In Utero Brain Growth Matters for Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Total and Regional Brain Volumes in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease

Total and Regional Brain Volumes in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease

Single-Cell RNA-Seq Analysis of Hearts in Patients with Fetal Tetralogy of Fallot

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