In utero programming of pubertal development?

Juul, Anders

doi:10.1136/adc.2010.202028

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with reduced risk of breast cancer among offspring and is hypothesized to be an effect of in utero androgen exposure [23,29]. Our results suggest exclusive breastfeeding may also modify the relationship of PE exposure in utero with breast development at 10.8 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

In utero preeclampsia exposure, milk intake and pubertal development

Schraw¹,

Ogland

Dong³

et al. 2015

Reproductive Toxicology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

In utero preeclampsia exposure, milk intake and pubertal development

Schraw¹,

Ogland

Dong³

et al. 2015

Reproductive Toxicology

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“…Thus, the timing of and transition through puberty may be a period that allows the particular preeclampsia-related phenotype to appear. [10]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Preeclampsia and Androgens in the Offspring around Puberty: A Follow-Up Study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundChildren born after preeclampsia may have a dominant androgen profile in puberty compared with other children. Circulating androgen concentrations at 11–12 years of age were compared between offspring born after preeclampsia, and children whose mothers did not have preeclampsia.MethodsA total of 611 mother-offspring pairs were followed up 11 (daughters) or 12 (sons) years after birth: 218 pairs in the preeclampsia group, and 383 pairs without preeclampsia. Circulating total testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were measured in the children. In boys, testicular volume was also measured.ResultsAmong girls born after preeclampsia, DHEAS concentrations were higher than in unexposed girls (p<0.001), however, girls born after preeclampsia with severe features had the lowest DHEAS levels. In contrast, testosterone concentrations were highest in girls born after preeclampsia with severe features, both compared to other girls in the preeclampsia group, and compared to unexposed girls (p<0.001). For boys, testosterone concentrations were higher in the preeclampsia group compared with unexposed boys (p<0.001), and boys born after preeclampsia with severe features had the lowest concentrations of DHEAS. Compared with unexposed boys, testicular volume (p = 0.015) and IGF-I (p = 0.004) were higher for boys in the preeclampsia group, except for boys in the clinically severe preeclampsia group.ConclusionsIn utero exposure to preeclampsia is associated with androgen hormonal patterns in early puberty that depend on clinical severity of preeclampsia and sex of the offspring. The hormonal differences may reflect different timing of pubertal development, and may have consequences for future health of the offspring.

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“…Evidence suggests that pubertal timing may in part be a result of foetal programming, where prenatal exposures change the reproductive development and function via changes to the foetal epigenome; potentially by directly influencing the reproductive organs or through changes to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis during foetal life. 4,11,12 Folate, a water-soluble vitamin (B 9 ) essential to humans, plays a central role in the epigenetic processes as an important methyl donor and regulator of DNA methylations and is thereby involved in gene expression and cell differentiation during foetal development. 13,14 Folate includes naturally occurring folate in diet and folic acid in supplements or fortified foods.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal intake of folate and folic acid during pregnancy and pubertal timing in girls and boys: A population‐based cohort study

Gaml‐Sørensen

Brix

Lunddorf

et al. 2023

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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BackgroundFolate is essential for normal foetal development as it plays an important role for gene expression during different periods of foetal development. Thus, prenatal exposure to folate may have a programming effect on pubertal timing.ObjectivesTo study the association between maternal intake of folate during pregnancy and pubertal timing in girls and boys.MethodsWe studied 6585 girls and 6326 boys from a Danish population‐based Puberty Cohort, 2000–2021. Information on maternal intake of folate from diet and folic acid from supplements was obtained from a food‐frequency questionnaire in mid‐pregnancy, and total folate was calculated as dietary folate equivalents. Information on age at menarche in girls, age at first ejaculation and voice break in boys, and Tanner stages, acne and axillary hair in both girls and boys was obtained every 6 months throughout puberty. We estimated mean monthly differences according to exposure groups for each pubertal milestone in addition to a combined estimate for the average age at attaining all pubertal milestones using multivariable interval‐censored regression models. Total folate was analysed in quintiles, continuous and as restricted cubic splines.ResultsMaternal intake of total folate in mid‐pregnancy was not associated with pubertal timing in girls (combined estimate for overall pubertal timing per standard deviation (SD 325 μg/day) decrease in maternal intake of total folate: −0.14 months (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.51, 0.22)). Boys had slightly later overall pubertal timing per standard deviation (SD 325 μg/day) decrease in maternal intake of total folate (combined estimate: 0.40 months, 95% CI 0.01, 0.72). Spline plots supported these findings.ConclusionsPrenatal exposure to low maternal intake of total folate in mid‐pregnancy was not associated with pubertal timing in girls but associated with slightly later pubertal timing in boys. This minor delay is likely not of clinical importance.

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In utero programming of pubertal development?

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

In utero preeclampsia exposure, milk intake and pubertal development

In utero preeclampsia exposure, milk intake and pubertal development

Maternal Preeclampsia and Androgens in the Offspring around Puberty: A Follow-Up Study

Maternal intake of folate and folic acid during pregnancy and pubertal timing in girls and boys: A population‐based cohort study

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