In vitro 5-Lipoxygenase and Anti-Oxidant Activities of South African Medicinal Plants Commonly Used Topically for Skin Diseases

Abstract

An investigation was undertaken to determine the possible mechanisms of action of medicinal plants used for dermatological pathologies. A total of 14 plant species were selected from the readily available ethnobotanical literature. 5-Lipoxygenase and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assays were used to determine the anti-inflammatory activity and the anti-oxidant activity of selected medicinal plants, respectively. Both aqueous and methanol extracts were tested. Among the plants screened, four species (Croton sylvaticus, Warburgia salutaris, Pentanisia prunelloides, and Melianthus comosus) displayed promising 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values <61 ppm. A large number of plants exhibited significant anti-oxidant activities with IC₅₀ values between 5.27 and 83.36 ppm. Aqueous extracts of M. comosus exhibited the most potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity.

Extract of Curcuma longa L. and (-)-Epigallo Catechin-3-Gallate Enhanced Proliferation of Adipose Tissue–derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs) and Differentiation of AD-MSCs into Endothelial Progenitor Cells

“…Mixtures were then mixed gently and kept in the dark for 30 min at room temperature [20][21][22]. Absorbance of DPPH was determined by microplate reader at 517 nm.…”

Atopic Patients Show Increased Interleukin 4 Plasma Levels but the Degree of Elevation Is Not Sufficient to Upregulate Interleukin-4-Sensitive Genes

“…Moreover, an ALOX5 inhibitory activity has been shown for anti-inflammatory medicinal plants, and pharmaceutical preparations of these plants have been used for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases in traditional medicine [26]. These data suggested a role of ALOX5 in atopic diseases and thus, we quantified expression of ALOX5 in atopic asthma patients but did not observe significant differences to healthy controls (Fig.…”

The genusWarburgia: A review of its traditional uses and pharmacology

“…Warburgia species have high pharmaceutical value, both for humans and livestock, this is due to the abundance of drimane and colorotane sesquiterpenoides (Frum et al, 2005;Frum & Viljoen, 2006;Jansen & de Groot, 1991;Kioy et al, 1990), tannins and mannitol (Van Wyk & Gericke, 2000;Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk, 1962). Drimane sesquiterpenes that have been isolated from W. salutaris include: 11a-hydroxycinnamosmolide (1) (Figure 2) (Madikane et al, 2007), isopolygodial (isotadeonal) (2), warburganal (3) , polygodial (4) (Mashimbye, 1993), salutarisolide (5) (Frum & Viljoen, 2006;Frum et al, 2005;Mashimbye et al, 1999a), muzigadial (cannelal) (6) (Rabe & van Staden, 2000), ugandensidial (cinnamodial) (7), isopolygodial (8) (Mashimbye et al, 1999a), and mukaadial (9) (Mashimbye et al, 1999b).…”

“…Drimane sesquiterpenes that have been isolated from W. salutaris include: 11a-hydroxycinnamosmolide (1) (Figure 2) (Madikane et al, 2007), isopolygodial (isotadeonal) (2), warburganal (3) , polygodial (4) (Mashimbye, 1993), salutarisolide (5) (Frum & Viljoen, 2006;Frum et al, 2005;Mashimbye et al, 1999a), muzigadial (cannelal) (6) (Rabe & van Staden, 2000), ugandensidial (cinnamodial) (7), isopolygodial (8) (Mashimbye et al, 1999a), and mukaadial (9) (Mashimbye et al, 1999b). Other drimane type sesquiterpenes isolated from W. salutaris include isodrimenol (10), drimenol (11), confertifolin (12) and a non-sesquiterpene monoaldehyde, polygodial (13) (Mashimbye et al, 1999b).…”