In vitro & ex vivo Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Morinda citrifolia Linn (Noni) Fruit Extract

Abstract

Background: Psychological problem is a key medical issue for numerous neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, for example, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, dementia, seizure and Parkinsonism. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) has been utilized for a considerable length of time to cure or counteract assortment of diseases by conventional therapeutic professionals in Hawaii and Polynesia. Objective: The present study is focused to identify the neuroprotective activity of Morinda citrifolia fruit extract (MCFE) on in vitro and ex vivo animal model by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme target used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay was performed by in vitro & ex vivo methods as described by Ellman et al. In vitro antioxidant assay of the extract was performed by DPPH free radical scavenging activity & nitric oxide scavenging activity. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was carried out using non linear regression analysis for plotting the line of best fit for the observed values using GraphPad Prism software. Results: By performing in vitro antioxidant assay the IC 50 value of the standard quercetin was found to be 46.22 µg/ml as compared to the MCFE which has an IC 50 value of 43.14 µg/ml for DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Similarly the IC 50 value of the standard ascorbic acid was found to be 81.85 µg/ml as compared to the MCFE which has an IC 50 value of 148.0 µg/ml for nitric oxide scavenging activity. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay was performed by in vitro method and the IC 50 value of MCFE and neostigmine was found to be 31.84 µg/ml & 19.71 µg/ml respectively. Conclusions: The present study investigated the neuroprotective activity of MCFE and it was identified by both in vitro and ex vivo techniques that the phytoconstituents has the ability to improve the learning and memory function by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase. Key words:Morinda citrifolia, Noni, Acetylcholinesterase, Neuroprotective activity, in vitro, ex vivo. Key Messages: The present study investigated the neuroprotective activity of Morinda citrifolia and it was identified by both in vitro and ex vivo techniques that the phytoconstituents in the plant can improve the learning and memory function by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase. Further the antioxidant potential of the plant was also evident from the DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging activity. Future studies may be designed for chronic administration of Morinda citrifolia to further investigate the effect on in vivo experimentation and also to identify the safety and efficacy parameters at both preclinical and clinical stages.

Structural Modification, In Vitro, In Vivo, Ex Vivo, and In Silico Exploration of Pyrimidine and Pyrrolidine Cores for Targeting Enzymes Associated with Neuroinflammation and Cholinergic Deficit in Alzheimer’s Disease

“…The blank response was deliberated via replacing the enzyme with saline. 54 4.17. Biochemical Analysis.…”

“…The reading was replicated for 10 min in 2 min intervals to confirm that the response occurs linearly. The blank response was deliberated via replacing the enzyme with saline …”

Indian Morinda species: A review

“…The noni fruit juice induces fast recovery in brain‐damaged rats (Harada et al, ). Similarly, the noni juice also improved learning and memory functions in affected experimental mice by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity (Jeyabalan et al, ; Muto et al, ). The noni juice is used as alternative therapeutic agent in treatment of Alzheimer's disease in humen (Uma & Maheswari, ).…”

“…M. citrifolia methanolic extract and its phytoconstituents exhibit potential effects in the treatment of psychiatric disorders (Jeyabalan et al, ; Pandy et al, , , ). M. citrifolia fruit extract possesses protective effects against seizures induced by maximal electro shock in the rats.…”

An updated review on Anti-Alzheimer’s herbal drugs

“…18. Morinda citrifolia: [79][80][81][82][83] It is a tree that belongs to Coffee family widely cultivated across Asia, Australia, and each part of the tree has medicinal value. Earlier in Polynesian and traditional culture they were used as a Tonic and famine food, few regulatory agencies approved skincare products prepared from it, chemical constituents include Alkaloids, Lignans, Oligo and polysaccharides, flavanoids, additional it's a plant with high nutrition value it contains carbohydrates, dietary fibers, vitamin A, B3, C, Iron, potassium.…”