In Vitro and In Silico Anti‐plasmodial Evaluation of Newly Synthesized β‐Carboline Derivatives

Abstract

Series of novel thiourea and guanidine conjugated β-carbolines along with other analogues of this class were designed and synthesized for in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum to overcome the threat of resistance to anti-malarial drug. Among them, two guanidine conjugated β-carbolines 7 a and 7 c showed promising activities against both sensitive and resistant strains Pf3D7 and PfINDO with the IC 50 values ranging from 0.6-1.0 μM. The relative activities were further supported by in silico docking and binding studies of the synthesized scaffolds against specific targets, revealing that DHFR and FP3 may act as a potential target for 7 a and 7 c respectively.

Recent Advances in the Green Synthesis of Active N-Heterocycles and Their Biological Activities

“…In this context, 2-substituted benzimidazoles have been established as anticancer agents, whereas the 5-chloro/carboxyl functionalized version of 2-substituted benzimidazole displays antitumor activity. Bui et al established microwave-assisted synthesis of novel benzimidazole derivatives in good-to-excellent yield via the condensation of substituted o-phenyldiamine or o-nitroaniline with 4-oxo-4Hquinolizinecarbaldehyde (11) or naphthalenecarbaldehyde (12) in a short period of time (Scheme 3) [53]. Sodium metabisulfite proved to be an ideal oxidant under the reaction condition.…”

“…They possess highest potencies to be taken forward in the development of novel compounds with anti-breast-cancer activity. (11) or naphthalenecarbaldehyde (12) in a short period of time (Scheme 3) [53]. Sodium metabisulfite proved to be an ideal oxidant under the reaction condition.…”

“…N -heterocyclic compounds have become progressively in demand for their exclusive structural identity exhibiting myriad medicinal and pharmaceutical activities [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The saturated and unsaturated N -heterocyclic analogues have exceptionally interesting architecture for drug design and development [ 7 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”