In Vitro and In Vivo Biologic Activities of Vibrio Fluvialis and its Toxic Products

Fluid accumulation in infant mice caused by Vibrio hollisae and its extracellular enterotoxin

“…Our finding that peroral admninistration of V. hollisae induced fluid accumulation in infant mice is similar to the observations made for 01 and non-Ol V. cholerae, Vibrio fluvialis, and Escherichia coli (2,13,16). Our data also suggest that the V. hollisae enterotoxin is similar both to the V. cholerae enterotoxin, the E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin, and the V. parahaemolyticus factor in its ability to elongate CHO cells (8,10) and to the enterotoxins of V. cholerae, E. coli, and Yersinia enterocolitica (2,5,17) in its ability to elicit fluid accumulation in infant mice.…”

Enteric bacterial toxins: mechanisms of action and linkage to intestinal secretion.

“…4 h after inoculation) fluid accumulation in suckling mice (321,394,395). At least three potential toxins have been described for this species: a CHO cell cytotoxin, a CHO cellrounding toxin, and a CHO cell elongation factor, which are all heat-labile factors (320,321). Crude concentrates of each factor cause fluid accumulation in infant mice (321).…”

Studies on the genetic and cellular control of sensitivity to enterotoxins in the sealed adult mouse model

“…Recently, we described a new animal model for the evaluation of enteropathogens and their potential virulence factors (15,18). We named this the sealed adult mouse (SAM) model because prior to oral inoculation with live organisms or their products the mice are anorectally occluded with cyanoacrylamide ester glue to prevent fluid loss during the ensuing incubation period of 4 to 6 h. These animals accumulate fluid in the lumen of their upper small bowel in response to cholera enterotoxin (CT), Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin and heat-stable toxin, Clostridium * Corresponding author.…”