In Vitro and In Vivo Management of Alternaria Leaf Spot of Brassica campestris L.

Ahmad, Aqeel; Ashraf, Yaseen

doi:10.4172/2157-7471.1000365

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As our observation, OC solution, unlike chitosan, is not precipitated in neutral and/or slightly basic medium. As can be observed in Figure 2 that the bonding of −Si-O-C−, −Si-O-H 2 N−, and −Si-OH between OC and nSiO 2 was formed [21] and owing to these bonds, the colloidal mixture of OC-nSiO 2 was in good stability during storage. Accordingly, the bonding of chitosan and nSiO 2 in the mixture of chitosan-nSiO 2 [24] was almost the same as in the mixture of OC-nSiO 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Induction of Anthracnose Disease Resistance on Chili Fruit by Treatment of Oligochitosan—Nanosilica Hybrid Material

Dzung¹,

Hưng²,

Ngọc³

et al. 2017

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Oligochitosan (OC) with molecular weight Mw of 5000 g/mol was prepared by gamma Co-60 ray irradiation of chitosan solution. Nanosilica (nSiO 2 ) with the size of 10 -30 nm was synthesized by calcination of acid treated rice husk. The mixture of 1% OC -1% nSiO 2 was prepared by dispersion of nSiO 2 in OC solution. The morphology of nSiO 2 in the mixture of OC-nSiO 2 was measured from images of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of foliar application of the mixture of OC-nSiO 2 on the induction of resistance against anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides fungus on chili fruits was investigated. Results indicated that foliar application of OC-nSiO 2 with the concentration of 60 mg/l -60 mg/l was found to be as the optimal treatment that reduced the disease severity on chili fruits to 22.2% compared with 90.0% of the control. Thus, OC-nSiO 2 hybrid material could be considered as an effective biotic elicitor to prevent anthracnose disease infection for chili fruits. Furthermore, the prepared OC-nSiO 2 hybrid material can also be used as an environmentally friendly agrochemical product for sustainable development of agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…After 7 days of fungal inoculation, the disease severity (DS) was then recorded and calculated as follows [21]:…”

Section: Assessment Of Disease Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Anthracnose Disease Resistance on Chili Fruit by Treatment of Oligochitosan—Nanosilica Hybrid Material

Dzung¹,

Hưng²,

Ngọc³

et al. 2017

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“…A separate pathogenicity assay was performed for each strain by following the method of Ahmad and Ashraf. 41 The liquid cultures were then prepared as described for the untreated samples.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The culture filtrates were then filtered on 0.2 μm filters and lyophilized before performing the protein profiling. A separate pathogenicity assay was performed for each strain by following the method of Ahmad and Ashraf . The liquid cultures were then prepared as described for the untreated samples.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and Structural Analysis of a Novel Acyltransferase from Pathogenic Phytophthora melonis

et al. 2021

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This investigation characterizes an acyltransferase enzyme responsible for the pathogenicity of Phytophthora melonis. The protein was characterized in vitro for its physicochemical properties. The biochemical characterization, including thermal and pH stability, revealed the 35 °C temperature and 7.0 pH as the optimum conditions for the enzyme. Applying the Tween-80 solution enhanced the activity up to 124.9%. Comprehensive structural annotation revealed two domains, A (ranging from residues 260 to 620) and B (ranging from 141 to 219). Domain A had transglutaminase (T-Gase) elicitor properties, while B possessed antifreeze features. Rigorous sequence characterization of the acyltransferase tagged it as a low-temperature-resistant protein. Further, the taxonomic distribution analysis of the protein highlighted three genera in Oomycetes, i.e., Pythium, Phytophthora, and Plasmopara, bearing this protein. However, some taxonomic groups other than Oomycetes (i.e., archaea and bacteria) also contained the protein. Functional studies of structurally analogous proteins spanned 10 different taxonomic groups. These revealed TGase elicitors (10%), phytopathogen effector proteins RxLR (4%), transporter family proteins (3%), and endonucleases (1%). Other analogues having one percent of their individual share were HIV tat-specific factor 1, protocadherin fat 4, transcription factor 1, and 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase. Because the plant infection by P. melonis is a complex process regulated by a profusion of extracellular signals secreted by both host plants and the pathogen, this study will be of help in interpreting the cross-talk in the host−pathogen system. ■ SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAcyltransferases are imperative for various cellular processes of the organisms. They are responsible for the precise interconversion of biochemicals and efficient cell secretory systems. We found a novel acyltransferase associated with pathogenic Phytophthora melonis. Because there is very little known about the cucumber−Phytophthora interactions, this study attracts tremendous attention from the experts working on microbial pathogenicity mechanisms. This research explained the functional and structural characteristics of the pathogenic acyltransferase and also elucidated its taxonomic distribution among living organisms. Overall, the study adds valuable information about the molecular kinetics and supramolecular characterization of the enzyme.

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“…Conventionally, different fungicides are used for controlling this disease. Indiscriminate use of higher dose of chemical fungicidesaffect environment and human health but also increase input cost (Ahmad & Ashraf, 2016). Several medicinal and aromatic plants show antioxidant and antifungal properties which not only reduce disease development but also produce harmful residue free products (Kavita&Dalbeer, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Evaluation of Botanical Extracts, Chemical Fungicides and Trichoderma harzianum Against Alternaria brassicicola Causing Leafspot of Cabbage

et al. 2020

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Alternaria leaf spot caused by Alternaria brassicicola is one of the destructive diseases of crucifers and causes considerable loss in the yield and quality of the produce. An experiment was conducted in in vitro to evaluate the efficacy of six botanical extracts at three concentrations i.e. 5%, 10% and 15%, six chemical fungicides at five different concentrations i.e. 50ppm, 100ppm, 250ppm, 500ppm and 1000ppm and Trichoderma harzianum against Alternaria brassicicola. The study was carried out using poisoned food technique for botanical extracts and chemical fungicides and dual culture technique for T. harzianum in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Among botanical extracts, maximum inhibition (99.91%) of mycelial growth was observed in sweet flag at 15% concentration followed by 10% sweet flag (96.68%) and 5% sweet flag (93.64%) and minimum inhibition percent (5.61%) was observed in Lantana camara at 5% concentration. Hexaconazole proved to be the most effective chemical fungicide recording 100% growth inhibition at all the tested concentrations which was at par with1000 ppm metalaxyl + mancozeb (Kriloxyl Gold), 500 and 1000 ppm mancozeb and 1000 ppm carbendazim + mancozeb(SAAF)whereas, 50 ppm carbendazim was least effective in reducing fungal growth (7.16%). T. harzianum showed 65.02% inhibition of test fungus. The study indicated better performance of some chemical fungicides even at lower concentrations i.e. 100ppm and 250ppm. So, such effective fungicides could be used to minimize hazardous effect. Significant effect of some botanical extracts against pathogen growth suggests their application as potential control agent alternative to chemicals.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Management of Alternaria Leaf Spot of Brassica campestris L.

Abstract: Keywords: Alternaria leaf spot; In vitro and in vivo management ofAlternaria leaf spot by plant extracts; Biological agents and chemicals

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Induction of Anthracnose Disease Resistance on Chili Fruit by Treatment of Oligochitosan—Nanosilica Hybrid Material

Induction of Anthracnose Disease Resistance on Chili Fruit by Treatment of Oligochitosan—Nanosilica Hybrid Material

Functional and Structural Analysis of a Novel Acyltransferase from Pathogenic Phytophthora melonis

In vitro Evaluation of Botanical Extracts, Chemical Fungicides and Trichoderma harzianum Against Alternaria brassicicola Causing Leafspot of Cabbage

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