In-vitro and in-vivo Antimicrobial Properties of Pomegranate Peel Extract Genotypes against Bacterial Vaginosis in bovine

Abstract

Drug resistance against bovine bacterial vaginosis (BV) in common treatments needs new therapeutic agents from other sources. Many plants demonstrate antimicrobial properties that could control pathogenic microorganisms. Uterus infections in bovine are associated with calving difficulty, retained placenta, and overgrowth of pathogenic microorganisms in the reproductive tract. This study examined the antibacterial effects of pomegranate peel extracts against various bacterial vaginosis in bovine. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of different pomegranate peels were prepared. An antibiogram test was performed against nine various bacterial vaginosis of bovine. Then, inhibitory concentration values were determined for pomegranate peel extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/ml). In in-vivo observation, the greatest inhibition zone activated pink pomegranate peel extracts (8 mg/ml) prepared by methanolic extracts. The serial dilution tests indicated that the bactericidal effect of high-concentration methanolic extract was more than those of low-concentration types. Experimental treatments in in-vitro observation constituted including (treated, T) with 180 cows that encountered difficulty in birth and non-including (control, C) with 30 cows with no treatments after vaginal problems. The effect of various pomegranate peel extract (PPE) concentrations increased during the treatment days. All the treated Holstein cows with nearly 400mg/ml of PPE gel (both methanolic and aqueous extracts methods) were recovered after 4 days. The results of this study showed the PPE gel effectiveness in the pharmaceutical industry.