In vitro and in vivo bactericidal activity of Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. var. craveniana (S.Y.Hu) Lo and its main effective component, palmatine, against porcine Helicobacter pylori

Abstract

BackgroundTinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. var. craveniana (S.Y.Hu) Lo (TSG) is a traditional Chinese herb that has been used for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection and has anti-bacterial and anti-ulcer activity. Our study investigated the bactericidal effects of TSG and its major component, palmatine, against a Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strain isolated from pig and the standard strain H. pylori SS1 in vitro and in vivo.MethodsH. pylori was isolated from pig and named H. pylori SCYA201401. For in vitro experiments, the inhibitory activity of TSG and palmatine against H. pylori SCYA201401 and H. pylori SS1 were tested by use of the agar cup diffusion technique. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined from the absence of H. pylori colonies on agar plates. Time-kill curves were used to evaluate bactericidal activity; the average number of colonies was calculated at 0 to 48 h after liquid incubation, with concentrations of drugs at 0.5, 1, and 2 × MIC. For in vivo experiments, H. pylori SCYA201401-infected mice were randomly divided into TSG, palmatine, triple therapy (omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin), blank control, and model groups. The eradication ratios were determined by use of rapid urease tests and bacterial culture.ResultsIn vitro, the MIC and MBC of TSG against H. pylori SCYA201401 and SS1 were both 6250 μg/mL, whereas palmatine against H. pylori SCYA201401 was 6.25 μg/mL and against H. pylori SS1 was 3.12 μg/mL. The time-kill curves showed a dose-dependent, progressive decline in the numbers of viable bacteria up to 40 h. In vivo, the eradication ratios in the TSG and palmatine groups of mice were 80 and 50 % compared with 70 % in the triple-therapy group.ConclusionTSG and its major component, palmatine, have bactericidal activity against H. pylori in vitro and in vivo. The possibility that TSG or palmatine can be effective in the treatment of human and animals H. pylori infection deserves investigation.

Semisynthesis and Kappa-Opioid Receptor Activity of Derivatives of Columbin, a Furanolactone Diterpene

“…2 Tinospora sagittata , which is in the Pharmacopeia of the People’s Republic of China , demonstrates anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiulcer, antitumor, and antistress effects, 10–13 and its roots have been used in traditional medicine to ease sore throats, stop diarrhea, and treat upper respiratory tract infections. 14 Pharmacological studies have shown that ethanol extracts of the roots of T. sagittata and T. capillipes have antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. 15 Columbin ( 1 ) itself has been demonstrated to possess cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities.…”

The Effect of Ginger Juice Processing on the Chemical Profiles of Rhizoma coptidis

“…Jatrorrhizine exerted hepatoprotective activities [ 19 ], neuroprotective activity [ 20 ] and antihypercholesterolemic activity [ 21 ]. Palmatine had the third highest content of alkaloids in RC, and it was proven to have anti-bactericidal activity against H. pylori in vitro and in vivo [ 22 ], gastroprotective effect against gastric ulcers [ 23 ], heartprotective activity against acute myocardial injury [ 24 ] and memory-enhancing activity [ 25 ]. Jatrorhizine, groenlandicine, and palmatine exhibited significant peroxynitrite scavenging activities and ameliorated cell damage [ 17 , 26 ].…”

Effects of palmatine on BDNF/TrkB-mediated trigeminal neuralgia

“…Palmatine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the dried rhizome of Radix stephaniae 30 . It has been used clinically to treat bacterial and viral infections in China for thousands of years 31,32 . In our lab, we have found that palmatine relieved hyperalgesia and depression of diabetic rats 21 .…”