In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of ethyl gallate

Krishna, C. Muddu; Kolla, Jayaprakash Narayana; Syed, Asha; Reddy, T. Sravan Kumar

doi:10.1007/s13337-019-00562-1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some sulfonyl phenoxides are bioactive compounds (Fernandes et al 2020). In pharmaceutical industries, sulfonyl phenoxides have antimicrobial (Aneja et al 2018, Krishna 2018, Rendošová et al 2018), anti-inflammatory (Arshia et al 2019, anti-cancer activities et al 2019), anti-atherosclerotic (Lutz et al 2019), anti-inflammatory (Sato et al 2020), anti-microbial (Bouarab-Chibane et al 2019), anti-gout (Abu Bakar et al 2018, anti-obesity (Yen et al 2020), and anti-HIV (Krishna et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new sulfonyl phenoxides

2021

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Four new sulfonyl phenoxides were synthesized through O-sulfonylation reaction of phenolic compounds with 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl chloride in good yield. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DEPT 135 NMR were carried out to characterize and the thin layer chromatography (TLC) confirm the purity. Antimicrobial activities of the sulfonyl phenoxides against Gram-positive (methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and Candida albicans were carried out using the standard microbiological method. The antimicrobial activities were referenced to ciprofloxacin and itraconazole, antibacterial and antifungal drug respectively. The in vitro antimicrobial studies of 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonyl(4-chloro-3-methyl)phenoxide and 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonyl-2-methylphenoxide showed moderate activity against C. albicans. The four sulfonyl phenoxides had weak activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Keywords: Sulfonyl phenoxides, Antimicrobial, Phenolic compounds, O-Sulfonylation reaction

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new sulfonyl phenoxides

2021

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“…In addition, a combination of 1-deoxynojirimycin and 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (another alkaloid found in the BM-GTE) was proven to inhibit glycogenolysis in the hippocampal region, so that the astrocyte glycogen reserves are preserved; this could be beneficial for delaying or preventing depression [ 57 ]. Amongst the miscellaneous compounds identified in the BM-GTE, ethyl gallate is a plant metabolite with antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]. The presence of lumichrome in the BM-GTE is supposed to arise from the photolysis of riboflavin, while the latter has also been detected in the assessed plant extract.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoconstituent Profiles Associated with Relevant Antioxidant Potential and Variable Nutritive Effects of the Olive, Sweet Almond, and Black Mulberry Gemmotherapy Extracts

Aleya,

Mihok,

Pecsenye

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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The extracts of whole plants or specific organs from different plant species are gaining increasing attention for their phytotherapy applications. Accordingly, we prepared standardized gemmotherapy extracts (GTEs) from young shoots/buds of olive (Olea europaea), sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus), and black mulberry (Morus nigra), and analyzed the corresponding phytonutrient profiles. We identified 42, 103, and 109 phytonutrients in the olive, almond, and black mulberry GTEs, respectively, containing amino acids, vitamins, polyphenols, flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids, iridoids, carboxylic acids, lignans, terpenoids, and others. In order to assess the physiological effects generated by the GTEs, we developed a translational nutrition model based on Drosophila melanogaster and Cyprinus carpio. The results indicate that GTEs could influence, to a variable extent, viability and ATP synthesis, even though both are dependent on the specific carbohydrate load of the applied diet and the amino acid and polyphenol pools provided by the GTEs. It seems, therefore, likely that the complex chemical composition of the GTEs offers nutritional properties that cannot be separated from the health-promoting mechanisms that ultimately increase viability and survival. Such an approach sets the paves the way for the nutritional genomic descriptions regarding GTE-associated health-promoting effects.

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“…The antioxidant nature of gallic acid is also involved in the regulation of viral replication, especially HCV in liver cells [ 15 ]. In our previous study, ethyl gallate (EG) was explored for anti-HIV activities and revealed inhibitory activity against different HIV-1 strains including drug-resistant isolates [ 16 ]. Supplementation of antioxidants along with antiviral drugs might help to reduce drug-associated toxicity and maintain the protection of the cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethyl Gallate: Promising Cytoprotective against HIV-1-Induced Cytopathy and Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity

Krishna

Kolla

Bollikolla

et al. 2023

Advances in Virology

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Introduction. HIV-1 infection in cell culture is typically characterized by certain cytopathic effects such as vacuolization of cells and development of syncytia, which further lead to cell death. In addition, the majority of drugs during HIV treatment exhibit serious adverse effects in patients, apart from their beneficial role. During the screening of cytoprotective agents to protect the cells from HIV-1-associated cell death and also drug-associated toxicity, antioxidants from a natural source are assumed to be a choice. A well-known antioxidant, ethyl gallate (EG), was selected for cytoprotection studies which have already been proven as an anti-HIV agent. Objective. The main objective of the study was to explore the cytoprotective potential of EG against HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect and antiretroviral drug toxicity. Methods. DPPH free radical scavenging assay was performed with EG to find the effective concentration for antioxidant activity. HIV-1infection-associated cytopathic effects and further rescue by EG were studied in MT-2 lymphocytes by the microscopic method and XTT cytopathic assays. The cellular toxicity of different antiretroviral drugs in different cell lines and the consequent cytoprotective effectiveness of EG were investigated using an MTT cell viability assay. Results. Like ascorbic acid, EG exhibited promising antioxidant activity. HIV-1 infection of MT2 cells induces cell death often referred to as the cytopathic effect. In addition, the usage of antiretroviral drugs also causes severe adverse effects like cytotoxicity. In this context, EG was tested for its cytoprotective properties against HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect and drug-mediated cellular toxicity. EG reclaimed back the MT2 cells from HIV-1-induced cell death. Antiretroviral drugs, such as ritonavir, efavirinz, AZT, and nevirapine, were tested for their toxicity and induced more cell death at higher concentrations in different tissue models such as the liver (THLE-3), lung (AEpiCM), colorectal (HT-29), and brain (U87 MG). Pretreated cells with EG were rescued from the toxic doses of ART. Conclusion. EG was found to be exhibited cytoprotection not only from HIV-1-linked cell death but also from the chemotoxicity of antiretroviral drugs. Evidently, EG could be a cytoprotective supplement in the management of AIDS along with its enormous antioxidant benefits.

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In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of ethyl gallate

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new sulfonyl phenoxides

Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new sulfonyl phenoxides

Phytoconstituent Profiles Associated with Relevant Antioxidant Potential and Variable Nutritive Effects of the Olive, Sweet Almond, and Black Mulberry Gemmotherapy Extracts

Ethyl Gallate: Promising Cytoprotective against HIV-1-Induced Cytopathy and Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity

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