In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Regenerative Effects of Autologous Conditioned Serum from Dogs with Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is mostly incurable and non-regenerative with long-term complications. Autologous conditioned serum (ACS), which is enriched in Interleukin 1 receptor antagonists (IL-1RA) and growth factors, could be an alternative treatment to accelerate the positive therapeutic effects. ACS is proposed to alleviate inflammation by blocking IL-1 receptors. However, to date, there is no report focusing on the cell-mediated anti-inflammation and regenerative effect caused by ACS, especially the ACS from patients. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of ACS generated from dogs with spontaneous OA, focusing on its promising anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties in vitro compared to the matched plasma. We found that ACS prepared from ten OA dogs contained significant concentrations of IL-1RA, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta, which are key cytokines in anti-inflammation and angiogenesis. Furthermore, we found that ACS suppressed T cell activity by reducing proliferation of effector T cells and simultaneously expanding numbers of immune suppressive FOXP3+ T cells. Lastly, we showed that ACS enhanced the proliferation of osteocytes and fibroblasts and promoted extracellular matrix gene expression in primary chondrocyte culture. Therefore, these studies indicate that ACS prepared from dogs with OA is active as an immunomodulatory and regenerative strategy for use in OA management.

A one-health perspective: use of hemoderivative regenerative therapies in canine and equine patients

“…62 ACS obtained from dogs with naturally occurring osteoarthritis was evaluated in vitro. 9 The ca-nine ACS in this study included significantly increased concentrations of IL-1RA, vascular endothelial growth factor, and TGF-β. In chondrocyte cell cultures, antiinflammatory effects were identified, as were proliferation of fibroblasts and osteocytes, and extracellular matrix gene expression was elevated.…”

“…ACStreated tendons had reduced lameness and swelling and increased collagen type I expression compared to controls. 8 An in vitro study 9 reported ACS sourced from dogs with osteoarthritis had anti-inflammatory and regenerative activity. The authors concluded that the hemoderivatives from dogs with arthritis contained the bioactive factors that would be appropriately used for osteoarthritis management.…”

“…The authors concluded that the hemoderivatives from dogs with arthritis contained the bioactive factors that would be appropriately used for osteoarthritis management. 9 Platelet-rich plasma and other whole blood derivatives have application for soft tissue injuries (eg, tendonitis and desmitis) and joint disorders such as osteoarthritis, cartilage injury, and synovitis. These therapies result in beneficial joint effects without the use of corticosteroid therapy.…”

Equine Musculoskeletal Pathologies: Clinical Approaches and Therapeutical Perspectives—A Review

“…In cases of OA treatment, they represent an advantage when compared with traditional intra-articular treatments (HyA + SAIDs), which are only palliative for pain and inflammation control [161] as they improve clinical signs and appear to be chondrogenic and promote chondrocyte homeostasis [161][162][163]. In cases of tendonitis/desmitis, they also present therapeutic effects, enhancing healing, and leading to the formation of functional tissue without scar formation [164,165].…”

Assessment of Outcome of Arthroscopic Subtotal Coronoidectomy in Treating Medial Coronoid Disease and Effect of Concurrent Autologous Conditioned Plasma in Dogs Using Force Plate Analysis

“…5,6 The limited regeneration potential of articular cartilage and the progression of osteoarthritis necessitate new methods to improve joint healing and functional outcome. 9,10 One of these concepts is the use of autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) or platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The theoretical efficacy of ACP is based on the physiological role of thrombocytes in wound healing.…”