In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Azoles and Other Antifungal Agents Against Pathogenic Yeasts from Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in China

Kan, Siyue; Song, Nana; Pang, Qiuyu; Mei, Huan; Zheng, Hailin; Li, Dongmei; Cui, Fan; Lv, Guixia; An, Ruifang; Li, Ping; Xiong, Zhengai; Fan, Shang­rong; Zhang, Mengzhen; Chen, Yanhong; Qiao, Qiao; Liang, Xudong; Cui, Manhua; Li, Dongyan; Liao, Qinping; Li, Xiaofang; Liu, Weida

doi:10.1007/s11046-022-00687-w

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Holland et al (5) detected C. albicans in 89% of a total of 1221 vaginal isolates, and others published an even higher rate -92.3% (19). C. albicans was also found as a dominant species of VVC in China and it was confirmed in 84.71% of overall 543 vaginal isolates (20). Hedayati et al (10) determined three main species -C. albicans (42.5%), C. glabrata (21.9%) and C. dubliniensis (16.4%) among 66 yeasts obtained from females with VVC.…”

Section: Disscusionmentioning

confidence: 96%

SPECIES DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF VAGINAL <i>CANDIDA</i> ISOLATES

Hitkova,

Georgieva

2024

Probl Infect Parasit Dis

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Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the most common Candida infection in females of reproductive age. Data concerning the species identification and antifungal susceptibility of vaginal Candida isolates are of great importance for the infection management. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates obtained from vaginal samples of women with VVC. Material and methods: A total of 125 vaginal Candida isolates were collected and tested. The definitive species identification was performed by VITEC2 Compact (Bio Merieux, France) using YST ID cards. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nine antifungal agents were determined by the commercial system Micronaut-AM (Merlin Diagnostika GmbH, Germany). Results: Overall, 8 Candida species were established among the vaginal yeast isolates. The most common was C. albicans (77.6%), followed by C. glabrata (12%), C. krusei (4%), C. kefyr (2.4%), C. spherica (1.6%), C. lusitaniae, C. utilis, and C. sake (each one 0.8%). All C. albicans and 20 non-albicans Candida (NAC) were susceptible to nine antifungal agents. In the group of NAC, 8 isolates were resistant to fluconazole – 5 C. krusei with intrinsic resistance, 2 C. spherica, and 1 C. sake. The fluconazole MICs of C. spherica and C. sake were 32 - 128 μg/mL, and 16 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: C. albicans was the main causative agent of VVC. Among NAC, C. glabrata was the predominant species. In general, vaginal C. albicans and non-albicans Candida were susceptible to azoles as well as echinocandins, amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine. Of particular interest was the detection of rare non-albicans Candida isolates with acquired resistance to azoles.

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Section: Disscusionmentioning

confidence: 96%

SPECIES DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF VAGINAL <i>CANDIDA</i> ISOLATES

Hitkova,

Georgieva

2024

Probl Infect Parasit Dis

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“…Currently, the increasing need of innovative pharmacological therapies against infectious diseases is unquestionable. Despite the improvement of antimicrobial agents, the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance-the resistance developed by pathogenic microorganisms against previously effective treatments-represents an ever-present clinical and financial burden for the global healthcare system [1,2]. Among several novel approaches devoted to overcoming the global antimicrobial resistance crisis, the use of antimicrobial peptides represents a promising strategy for the design of new drugs [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcitermin (Cal) is an antimicrobial peptide consisting of 15 amin (VAIALKAAHYHTHKE, Figure 1), found in human nasal fluid. It corresponds t terminal domain of calgranulin C, a pro-inflammatory protein of the S100 family The acid-base properties of Cal have been extensively studied, it is soluble solutions and in a wide pH range (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) [14]. Moreover, the thermodynamics, s and coordination chemistry of zinc-and copper-calcitermin complexes hav thoroughly investigated [14]: Cal is a very good chelator for both Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ i it mostly binds them through the three alternated histidine residues in position 9 13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In immunocomp patients, this opportunistic yeast species can be responsible for life-threatening in causing extensive mucosal colonization and local and/or systemic disease, until it severe candidiasis and bloodstream infections (candidemia) [18,19]. Azoles, fluconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and clotrimazole, are the f drugs to treat these mycoses, although they often induce antimicrobial resistance The topical antifungal drugs administration offers several advantages in the treat superficial mycoses, such as the prevention of the drug systemic toxicity, as we efficacy at the local level, due to the direct application at the site of infection [22,2 Aiming at finding a new topical strategy in the treatment of C. albicans infect designed a smart hydrophilic gel constituted of biocompatible and biodeg polymers, to obtain a vehicle suitable for vaginal administration of Cal. An idea mucosal administration should (i) be scarcely viscous at room temperature, e reproducible administration, and (ii) undergo gelation at body temperature, main its permanence on the mucosa surface to sustain drug release [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An idea mucosal administration should (i) be scarcely viscous at room temperature, e reproducible administration, and (ii) undergo gelation at body temperature, main its permanence on the mucosa surface to sustain drug release [22][23][24]. In this res The acid-base properties of Cal have been extensively studied, it is soluble in water solutions and in a wide pH range (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) [14]. Moreover, the thermodynamics, structure and coordination chemistry of zinc-and copper-calcitermin complexes have been thoroughly investigated [14]: Cal is a very good chelator for both Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ ions and it mostly binds them through the three alternated histidine residues in position 9, 11, and 13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcitermin-Loaded Smart Gels Activity against Candida albicans: A Preliminary In Vitro Study

Bellotti

D’Accolti

Pula

et al. 2023

Gels

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Calcitermin is an antimicrobial peptide of 15 amino acids found in human nasal fluid characterized by antifungal and antibacterial properties. Candida albicans is the most common human fungal pathogen affecting many tissues, such as vaginal mucosa. In this study a formulation suitable for calcitermin administration on vaginal mucosa was developed for the treatment of fungal infections. To favor topical application, mucosal adhesion, and permanence, gels based on poloxamer 407 and xanthan gum were designed and compared with regard to their rheological behavior, erosion, and leakage. The selected gel was loaded with calcitermin, whose release kinetic was evaluated in vitro by Franz cells. An antifungal activity assay was conducted to assess the calcitermin anticandidal potential and the effect of its inclusion in the selected gel. The rheological study revealed the elastic and viscous moduli behavior as a function of poloxamer 407 and xanthan gum concentration. Xanthan gum presence decreased the transition temperature of the gel, while prolonging its erosion and leakage. Particularly, poloxamer 407, 18% and xanthan gum 0.4% were chosen. The calcitermin loading in the selected gel resulted in a transparent and homogeneous formulation and in a 4-fold decrease of the release rate with respect to the calcitermin solution, as evidenced by Franz cell study. The anticandidal activity tests demonstrated that calcitermin-loaded gel was more active against Candida albicans with respect to the peptide solution.

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Three-Dose Antifungal Treatment Improves the Efficacy for Severe Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Xiao,

Liang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Mycopathologia

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a prevalent gynecological infection characterized by high incidence and recurrent episodes, causing significant distress in women. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of different clotrimazole and fluconazole treatment regimens for severe vulvovaginal candidiasis (SVVC). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1303 cases of SVVC among first-time visitors to the gynecology outpatient department at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital between January 2013 and December 2022. Vaginal secretions were systematically collected for fungal culture, with species identification conducted using Chromogenic culture medium and API Candida test reagents. Mycological cure rates were assessed at days 7–14, days 25–35, and day 35 to 6 months after treatment. The three-dose clotrimazole regimen demonstrated significantly higher mycological cure rates (85.7%, 80.0% and 74.6% at three follow-up periods, respectively) compared to the two-dose clotrimazole regimen (76.0%, 61.6%, and 59.8%, all P < 0.05). The three-dose fluconazole regimen showed no significant difference to three-dose clotrimazole regimen, with cure rates of 82.8%, 79.3%, and 75.9% (all P > 0.05). The two-dose fluconazole regimen had cure rates of 74.3%, 56.4% and 51.1%, with no significant difference from two-dose clotrimazole regimen at days 7–14 and 25–35, but lower than three-dose fluconazole regimen at days 25–35 and 35 to 6 months. The three-dose clotrimazole regimen demonstrated higher cure rates in Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida SVVC cases than two-dose regimen. These findings suggest that three-dose antifungal regimens may be more efficacious than two-dose regimens for SVVC. The three-dose clotrimazole regimen could serve as a promising alternative for SVVC management.

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In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Azoles and Other Antifungal Agents Against Pathogenic Yeasts from Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in China

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

SPECIES DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF VAGINAL <i>CANDIDA</i> ISOLATES

SPECIES DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF VAGINAL <i>CANDIDA</i> ISOLATES

Calcitermin-Loaded Smart Gels Activity against Candida albicans: A Preliminary In Vitro Study

Three-Dose Antifungal Treatment Improves the Efficacy for Severe Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

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