In vitro antimicrobial activity of plants in Acute Otitis Externa

Abstract

Acut e Otitis Externa is an inflammation of the outer auditory meatus, and according to popular saying, medicinal plant extracts can be used in its treatment. Aim: to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the following plants: Aleolanthus suaveolens; Caryophyllus aromaticus; Cymbopogon citratus; Matricaria chamomila; Pithecellobium avaremotemo; Plectranthus amboinicus and Ruta graveolens on the germs that cause otitis externa. Materials and Methods: the minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts and oils from these plants was obtained from otitis externa samples. Results: Staphylococcus aureus in 10 cultures, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 8, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus together in 5 cultures and Candida albicans and Candida krusei in 4 cultures. P. aeruginosa was resistant to all oils and extracts tested; extracts from A. suaveolens, P. avaremotemo and R. graveolens were inactive; the essential oil from C. aromaticus and M. chamomila were active against 3 strains of S. aureus and the Candida strains; seven of the S. aureus strains were sensitive to the P. amboinicus extract; however, the oil was inactive against 4 S. aureus strains and the Candida strains were sensitive to the R. graveolens essential oil. Conclusion: depending on the etiological agent, some plants presented satisfactory results, however we still need more detailed studies in order to better use these plants.

Clinical efficacy of a 1% <i>Matricaria chamomile </i>L. mouthwash and 0.12% chlorhexidine for gingivitis control in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances

“…In vitro studies showed that M. chamomilla was effective against 25 different gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and 20 strains of Listeria monocytogenes (5). A study of oral pathogens found on oral biofilm reported that an MTC extract was effective against three strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida (21) and that it inhibited growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, which are important initial colonizers (22). Existing evidence suggests that the antimicrobial effects of MTC are attributable to its terpenic derivatives chamazulene, β-bisabolol, and A and B bisabolol-oxides (23).…”

Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Quercetin, Luteolin, and Apigenin in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Matricaria chamomilla L. Extract by HPLC‐UV

“…It has been used in herbal remedies for thousands of years which dates back to ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome [4, 5]. A diverse range of pharmacological properties have been demonstrated for this plant including anti-inflammatory [6, 7], antimicrobial [8], anticancer [9], analgesic [10], antipruritic [11], antiulcer [12], and acaricidal [13]. These pharmacological properties suggest that the plant might be a valuable therapeutic option for the prophylaxis and treatment of various diseases, including inflammation, ulcers, sedation, hemorrhoids, cough, stomach ache, pharyngitis, and rheumatic pain [14].…”

Phytochemical analysis of Andrographis paniculata extract and its antimicrobial activity

“…Phytochemicals from medicinal plants showing antimicrobial activities have the potential of filling this need, because their structures are different from those of the more studied microbial sources, and therefore their mode of action may too very likely differ (Fabricant and Fansworth 2001). There is growing interest in correlating the phytochemical constituents of a medicinal plant with its pharmacological activity (Prachayasittikul et al 2008;Nogueira et al 2008;Costa et al 2008;Al-Bayati and Al-Mola 2008;Chen et al 2008;Pesewu et al 2008;Turker and Usta 2008). Screening active compounds from plants has lead to the discovery of new medicinal drugs which have efficient protection and treatment roles against various diseases, including cancer (Kumar et al 2004;Sheeja and Kuttan 2007) and Alzheimer's disease (Mukherjee et al 2007).…”