In vitro antimicrobial activity of hydrosol from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. against Helicobacter pylori and Candida albicans

Abstract

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori and Candida albicans are classified as the most common pathogenic agents in humans. H. pylori is responsible for gastroduodenal diseases and greatly associated with gastric carcinogenesis, while C. albicans is the main cause of fungal urinary tract, genital yeast, and fungal skin infections. The increasing appearance of drug-resistant strains of H. pylori and C. albicans has made the treatment of the infections more serious. Hydrosols from plant steam distillation have been traditionally used in medicine, cosmetics, and culinary uses. They have been recently suggested as antimicrobial agents owing to their safety and ability to reduce the potential of resistance. The aim of the present study is to assess antibacterial and antifungal activities of hydrosols extracted from the fresh fruits of Litsea cubeba against H. pylori and C. albicans.
 Methods: The L. cubeba fruit hydrosol was obtained by steam distillation method. Evaluation of the growth-inhibiting and microbicidal effects of the hydrosol towards the H. pylori ATCC 43504 and C. albicans ATCC 10231 was determined through MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration), MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration), and MFC (minimal fungicidal concentration) measurements using broth dilution assays. Compositions of the dissolved essential oil (dEO) from the hydrosol were analyzed by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry).
 Results: The results indicated that the L. cubeba fruit hydrosol exhibited strong antimicrobial ability towards the bacterium H. pylori (MIC of 10%, MBC of 30%) and the yeast C. albicans (MIC of 10%, MFC of 40%). The cells of H. pylori and C. albicans were killed completely after 24 and 18 hours of treatment with 30% and 40% of the hydrosol, respectively. The major constituents of the dEO were geranial (32.92%), neral (27.12%), p-menthan-8-yl acetate (8.45%), 2-cyclopropyl-2-methylspiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxylic acid (8.09%), linalool (4.24%), and methyl heptenone (4.15%).
 Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that L. cubeba fruit hydrosols could be used as potent natural antibacterial and antifungal preparations in the global effort to discover safe alternatives to toxic antimicrobial agents.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don Hydrosol

“…In recent years, hydrosols have emerged as potential antimicrobial candidates to control pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms [ 44 ]. As reviewed by D’Amato et al [ 32 ], the application of hydrosols is promising in food products and in working environments, as well as in removing microbial biofilm [ 32 ].…”

Disclosing the potential of Cupressus leylandii A.B. Jacks & Dallim, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Aloysia citrodora Paláu, and Melissa officinalis L. hydrosols as eco-friendly antimicrobial agents

“…Regarding hydrosols’ bioactivities, in the study of Hung et al, [ 26 ], L. cubeba fruit hydrosol containing neral and geranial as major components, inhibited the proliferation of C. albicans and revealed a fungicidal activity by applying it at 10 and 40% ( v/v ) concentration, respectively. These findings corroborate the results of this work where C. albicans was inhibited by approximately 80% with a significance of p < 0.0001 by applying 10–20% ( v/v ) of A. citrodora hydrosol, and 20% ( v/v ) of M. officinalis hydrosol, both hydrosols holding the main components reported for the L. cubeba hydrosol.…”

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of essential oils extracted from rhizomes of four species of Zingiberaceae family

“…Hoạt tính kháng H. pylori in vivo của một số tinh dầu thực vật cũng đã được chứng minh trên mô hình một số loài động vật như chuột nhắt (mice) và chuột nhảy (Mongolian gerbils) [16][17][18][19][20][21] . Trong các nghiên cứu trước đây, các tinh dầu từ lá ổi (Psidium guajava), lá tía tô dại (Hyptis suaveolens), nước chưng cất tinh dầu quả bời lời chanh (Litsea cubeba) và các thành phần chiết xuất từ hoa dâm bụt (Hibiscus rosa sinensis) đã được báo cáo có hoạt tính kháng khuẩn, ức chế enzyme urease và sự hình thành biofilm đối với H. pylori [22][23][24][25] . Gừng (Z. thuốc dân gian được sử dụng để chữa trị bệnh viêm đau bụng, đau dạ dày cấp và mãn tính, viêm đại tràng, chứng khó tiêu và tiêu chảy [26][27][28] .…”