In vitro antioxidant activity of macroalgae Sargassum duplicatum and Palmaria palmata extracts collected from Sepanjang Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta

Abstract

Marine macroalgae are considered as important sources for bioactive phytochemicals. In this research, two potential marine macroalgae, i.e. Sargassum duplicatum and Palmaria palmata taken from Sepanjang beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia were explored as sources of phenolic compound, and their antioxidant activities were evaluated. Three different solvents, i.e. chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol were applied as extraction medium. For each species, its total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and DPPH scavenging assay, respectively. The result showed that methanolic extracts exhibited the highest yield in both species. The highest TPC (726.54 mg GAE/g) was obtained from S. duplicatum extracted using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity from S. duplicatum and P. palmata have similar value with IC50 values of 790.34 µg/mL and 789.29 µg/mL. The scavenging activities of all extracts related to the total polyphenol content, whereas the polarity of solvent affected the resulted yield and TPC of the extracts. However, our results demonstrated that all extracts were inactive against DPPH radicals (IC50 > 250 μg/mL).

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“…Research by Jumaetri Sami et al (2019) found that brown algae ethyl acetate extract had the most potent antioxidant activity than methanol and nhexane extracts based on their IC 50 values. Based on the IC 50 value of SPEE in this study (744.726μg/mL±27.393) was similar to a study by (Darsih et al 2021) who suggested the IC 50 value of the brown algae Sargassum duplicatum and Palmaria palmata were 790.34μg/mL and 789.29μg/mL, respectively. Another study by Santoso et al (2013) also found that the IC 50 value of the ethyl acetate extract of Padina australis, another species of brown algae, was 1160.2μg/mL.…”

Effect of Post-Extraction Ultrasonication on Compositional Features and Antioxidant Activities of Enzymatic/Alkaline Extracts of Palmaria palmata

“…A comparative analysis of IC 50 values, assessing the in vitro antioxidant activities of EAEP (in this study) alongside extracts from P. palmata obtained using different solvents (ethanol, water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol), as reported in other studies, is illustrated in Table 4. Notably, the IC 50 values for DPPH radical scavenging in our study were substantially lower across all extracts than those observed in ethanol and water extracts [17] and chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts [24]. However, for Fe 2+ chelating activity, the IC 50 values in ethanol and chloroform extracts remained lower than those of EAEP.…”

“…From the comparative overview of IC 50 values for the in vitro antioxidant activities of EAEP in this study and ethanol, water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts from P. palmata reported in other studies, it can be seen that IC 50 values for DPPH radical scavenging in the present study for all extracts are substantially lower than those for ethanol and water extracts [17] and for chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts [24]. However, IC 50 values for Fe 2+ chelating activity in ethanol and chloroform extracts were lower than EAEP.…”

Effect of Post-extraction Ultrasonication on Compositional Features and Antioxidant Activities of Extracts Obtained After Sequential Enzymatic/Alkaline Treatment of the Red Seaweed Palmaria palmata

“…Table 4 provides a comparative overview of IC50 values for the in vitro antioxidant activities obtained here in this study by using enzymatic/alkaline extracts and ethanol, water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts from P. palmata reported in other studies. As can be seen, IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging in the present study for all extracts are substantially lower than those for ethanol and water extracts [14] as well as for chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts [33]. However, IC50 values for Fe 2+ chelating activity in ethanol and chloroform extracts were lower than the ones obtained in the present study with enzymatic/alkaline extracts.…”

“…However, apparently, the effect of other compounds such as phospholipids, polysaccharides, and/or polyphenols to chelate metal ions outweigh that of proteins, peptides, and amino acids in different seaweed extracts. Water extract [14] Chloroform extract [33] Ethyl acetate extract [33] Methanol extract [33…”