In vitro apatite formation of calcium phosphate composite synthesized from fish bone

Abstract

Calcium phosphate‐based composite (CPC) is the main biomaterial substitute used for bone repair. Properties affecting bioactivity of this composite vary depending on the types of calcium phosphate crystalline phases. Hence, in this study, bioactivity behavior of novel CPC cement by the incorporation of calcium phosphate (CP), which was obtained from fish bones, dicalcium phosphate dehydrate, and chitosan solution, was monitored in simulated body fluid (SBF). In advance, the microstructure of CP produced by heat treatment (annealing) of fish bone was evaluated at two different temperatures 600 and 900°C. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that there was no secondary phase formation aside from natural hydroxyapatite (HA) in bones annealed; and the annealing process enhanced the crystallinity of CP phase in the bone matrix particularly when annealed at 900°C. After incubation of CPC cement in SBF, bone bonding ability and producing of biomimetic HA coat on the CPC cement surface were confirmed using XRD, fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The analysis results show that needle‐like and cauliflower apatite layer with the crystallite size about 100 nm was grown on the surface of CPC cement after 28 days incubation in SBF. Regardless of above findings, we conclude that varying the annealing temperature has tremendous effect on the production of natural HA from fish bone with required properties and the ultimate morphology of obtained CPC cements after soaking is directly depended on the degree of crystallinity of the prepared natural HA.

Temperature effect in physicochemical and bioactive behavior of biogenic hydroxyapatite obtained from porcine bones

“…After 7 days of soaking, cauliflower-like morphologies are observed (Fig. 5 b), which according to the literature, are typical formations of apatite growth on the surface of the material 43 , 44 . Regarding the samples treated at 1100 °C after 3 days of immersion, two types of morphologies are observed: spheres- and sponge-like, and the presence of cracks (Fig.…”

“…Regarding the functional groups’ behavior obtained by FTIR for the range of 900 and 950 °C, some authors such as Sofronia et al 40 and Asadollahzadeh et al 44 mentioned the reduction of the intensities of the carbonate groups at these calcination temperatures. However, these authors did not carry out thermal treatments above this temperature.…”

A comparative study between the adsorption mechanisms of sodium co-silicate and conventional depressants for the reverse anionic hematite flotation

“…The bands around 1100, 1022, and 950 cm −1 are attributed to the phosphate groups. [70] The band of 828 cm −1 can attribute to the presence of the HPO 4 2− groups. [71,72] It can be seen from Fig.…”

Production, characterization, and cytotoxicity of calcium phosphate ceramics derived from the bone of meagre fish, Argyrosomus regius

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16] HA bioceramics have been successfully synthesized by using various natural raw materials such as egg [12,13,17,18], oyster and mussel shells [19][20][21], and fish-based wastes [4,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Recently, the evaluation of fish-based wastes for the fabrication of HA ceramics has attracted a significant attention due to growing consumption of fish worldwide [32]. It is estimated that approximately 970-2700 billion tons of fish are caught every year around the world and only~450-1000 billion tons of these fish are used for human consumption [4].…”