In vitro Assessment of Peri-implantitis Treatment Procedures: A Review

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of peri-implantitis is increasing continuously and such a biological complication significantly decreases implant survival and success. Although various treatment modalities have been identified for peri-implantitis, no completely efficient method has yet been established. Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate the scientific literature regarding the in vitro effects of peri-implantitis treatment. Methods: A review of the literature was performed by using Google Scholar, PubMed/ MEDLINE and Science Direct databases. In vitro studies on peri-implantitis treatment modalities were selected. The search strategy identified 57 eligible studies. After selection, 21 articles met all the inclusion criteria and were included in the present review. Results: Included in vitro studies evaluated different types of peri-implantitis treatment modalities such as mechanical, chemical, combination and laser therapies. Combination therapies with the aid of adjuvants were found to be more effective compared to the studies that used only one type of treatment modality. Laser systems were also tested and displayed interesting results in terms of surface decontamination with a variability associated with selected parameters. Conclusion: This review was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment modalities used for peri-implantitis in vitro. Although there are various effective treatment methods, none has been completely successful in removing the biofilms related to peri-implantitis. The findings imply the need for further studies to develop more effective antimicrobial treatment procedures.

The In Vitro Evaluation of Preosteoblast Migration From 3-D-printed Scaffolds to Decontaminated Smooth and Minimally Rough Titanium Surfaces: A Pilot Study

“…29 Although it is not always possible to completely replace animal models with in vitro techniques, it is advisable that non-animal experiments are carried out to collect initial data and thus refine the design of subsequent preclinical studies. In a review of in vitro studies focused on the treatment of peri-implantitis, Benli et al 30 concluded that titanium discs, sectioned implants and titanium surfaces were commonly used as test samples. A limitation of this type of method is that cells are seeded on a horizontal surface — and this does not correspond to the clinical ( in vivo ) environment.…”

Effectiveness and surface changes of different decontamination protocols at smooth and minimally rough titanium surfaces

“…Gramnegative bacteria and lipopolysaccharide body (LPS) of anaerobic bacteria are known to play a significant role in peri-implantitis. [11][12][13]47,48 Besides, enteric bacteria also seem to take part in the process, being identified in periimplantitis sites before. 49 E. coli is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium that was validated to adhere to titanium surfaces at in vitro experiments, being a good alternative to avoid the difficult control over growth environment at anaerobic culture.…”

“…Our decision for using E. coli was based on the necessity of a simple bacteria culture that provides an inoculation of easy control and stability on the microimplant surface, whereas the cultivation of anaerobic bacteria is more complex and sensitive. The use of E. coli as a Gram‐negative culture for implant decontamination assays is a common practice, 47–49 which can be justified by some factors. Gram‐negative bacteria and lipopolysaccharide body (LPS) of anaerobic bacteria are known to play a significant role in peri‐implantitis 11–13,47,48 .…”

“…The use of E. coli as a Gram‐negative culture for implant decontamination assays is a common practice, 47–49 which can be justified by some factors. Gram‐negative bacteria and lipopolysaccharide body (LPS) of anaerobic bacteria are known to play a significant role in peri‐implantitis 11–13,47,48 . Besides, enteric bacteria also seem to take part in the process, being identified in peri‐implantitis sites before 49 .…”

Avaliação dos efeitos da descontaminação e sequencial migração de pré-osteoblastos em microimplantes de titânio em uma abordagem >i<in vitro>/i< utilizando arcabouços produzidos por manufatura aditiva

“…A margem gengival ao redor do implante pode ser composta por mucosa ceratinizada ou não ceratinizada (WU, Q. et al, 2015). Nesta região, as fibras colágenas do tecido conjuntivo se posicionam paralelamente à superfície do implante, propiciando maior vulnerabilidade frente à inflamação induzida por placa (BERGLUNDH et al, 1991;BUSER et al, 1992). A presença de faixa de tecido ceratinizado pode atenuar este efeito, reduzindo a probabilidade de quadros de periimplantite (LIN; CHAN;WU, Q. et al, 2015).…”