In vitro biofilm characterization and activity of antifungal agents alone and in combination against sessile and planktonic clinical Candida albicans isolates

Shuford, Jennifer A.; Piper, Kerryl E.; Steckelberg, James M.; Patel, Robin

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.09.004

Cited by 60 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This was also in agreement with the previous observation by Kuhn et al (11) of unique efficacy by lipid-formulated amphotericin B against biofilms of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis isolates (SMICs of 0.25 and 1 g/ml, respectively), while conventional amphotericin B failed to inhibit the same Candida strains when grown as biofilms (SMICs of 4 and 8 g/ml, respectively). In addition, the use of microtiter plates as the surface for biofilm 90 value differing from that reported by some investigators (25). As shown, anidulafungin was the agent most active against sessile cells of isolates from all five Candida species.…”

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confidence: 47%

In Vitro Activities of Anidulafungin and Other Antifungal Agents against Biofilms Formed by Clinical Isolates of Different Candida and Aspergillus Species

Fiori

Posteraro

Torelli

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We tested the activities of anidulafungin and other antifungal agents against clinical isolates of different fungal species. For Candida species, high sessile MIC 90 s (SMIC 90 s) were obtained for fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B, whereas the anidulafungin SMIC 90 s were very low, as were those for caspofungin. Comparatively, for Aspergillus species, higher SMIC 90 values were obtained not only for amphotericin B and voriconazole but also for the echinocandins.

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confidence: 47%

In Vitro Activities of Anidulafungin and Other Antifungal Agents against Biofilms Formed by Clinical Isolates of Different Candida and Aspergillus Species

Fiori

Posteraro

Torelli

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Overall, we found that a larger percentage of Candida isolates produce biofilm in the conditions described here than has previously been described (38), although more recent studies have also found BF to be common especially in non-albicans strains (25). It is not known whether this finding could be specific to urine isolates, although some studies suggest that there is no difference between the BF of Candida isolated from blood versus that isolated from other sites (39). Several studies have documented that BF correlates with XTT absorbance (26,31), although one study also reported limitations of the XTT assay in studies comparing different Candida species (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Biofilm Formation by and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates from Urine

Jain

Kohli

Cook

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

125

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Biofilm formation (BF) in the setting of candiduria has not been well studied. We determined BF and MIC to antifungals in Candida spp. isolates grown from urine samples of patients and performed a retrospective chart review to examine the correlation with risk factors. A total of 67 Candida spp. isolates were grown from urine samples from 55 patients. The species distribution was C. albicans (54%), C. glabrata (36%), and C. tropicalis (10%). BF varied greatly among individual Candida isolates but was stable in sequential isolates during chronic infection. BF also depended on the growth medium and especially in C. albicans was significantly enhanced in artificial urine (AU) compared to RPMI medium. In nine of the C. albicans strains BF was 4-to 10-fold higher in AU, whereas in three of the C. albicans strains and two of the C. glabrata strains higher BF was measured in RPMI medium than in AU. Determination of the MICs showed that planktonic cells of all strains were susceptible to amphotericin B (AMB) and caspofungin (CASPO) and that three of the C. glabrata strains and two of the C. albicans strains were resistant to fluconazole (FLU). In contrast, all biofilm-associated adherent cells were resistant to CASPO and FLU. The biofilms of 14 strains (28%) were sensitive to AMB (MIC 50 of <1 g/ml). Correlation between degree of BF and MIC of AMB was not seen in RPMI grown biofilms but was present when grown in AU. A retrospective chart review demonstrated no correlation of known risk factors of candiduria with BF in AU or RPMI. We conclude that BF is a stable characteristic of Candida strains that varies greatly among clinical strains and is dependent on the growth medium. Resistance to AMB is associated with higher BF in AU, which may represent the more physiologic medium to test BF. Future studies should address whether in vitro BF can predict treatment failure in vivo.

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“…Susceptibility testing of the isolates in their planktonic and sessile forms revealed a marked rise in the voriconazole MIC for 90% of the isolates tested (MIC 90 ), which was much less marked for caspofungin (8). We also demonstrated that caspofungin was active in vivo in an experimental intravascular catheter infection model (9).…”

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confidence: 69%

“…Recently, Choi et al reported that micafungin was active against biofilms formed by C. albicans (3), and Katragkou et al reported that anidulafungin was active against two C. albicans strains in the biofilm state (6). The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of anidulafungin against our collection of C. albicans (8) grown in planktonic and sessile states.…”

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confidence: 99%

In Vitro Activity of Anidulafungin against Candida albicans Biofilms

Jacobson

Piper

Nguyen

et al. 2008

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We tested the activity of anidulafungin against 30 Candida albicans isolates. The planktonic MICs for 50 and 90% of the isolates tested (MIC 50 and MIC 90 ) were <0.03 and 0.125 g/ml, respectively (MIC range, <0.03 to 2 g/ml). The sessile MIC 50 and MIC 90 were <0.03 and <0.03 g/ml, respectively (MIC range, <0.03 to >16 g/ml).Candida albicans infections seen in modern clinical practice, such as device-and intravascular catheter-related infections (2, 5), are associated with the growth of organisms in a biofilm state. Device removal is often necessary for a cure (7) since antimicrobials have traditionally been considered to be poorly active against microorganisms in biofilms. If, however, antimicrobials are active against microbial biofilms, device removal may be unnecessary. It has been proposed that antifungal agents that target cell wall synthesis may be active against C. albicans biofilms (1).We recently determined the in vitro antifungal activities of caspofungin and voriconazole against 30 clinical C. albicans isolates in their planktonic and sessile states. Susceptibility testing of the isolates in their planktonic and sessile forms revealed a marked rise in the voriconazole MIC for 90% of the isolates tested (MIC 90 ), which was much less marked for caspofungin (8). We also demonstrated that caspofungin was active in vivo in an experimental intravascular catheter infection model (9). Recently, Choi et al. reported that micafungin was active against biofilms formed by C. albicans (3), and Katragkou et al. reported that anidulafungin was active against two C. albicans strains in the biofilm state (6). The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of anidulafungin against our collection of C. albicans (8) grown in planktonic and sessile states.Thirty C. albicans clinical isolates obtained from sterile-site infections from October 2003 through October 2004 were studied (8). One isolate per patient was studied. Ten isolates were from blood cultures, including eight from patients with central venous catheters. The other 20 isolates were from peritoneal fluid (n ϭ 6), abscess fluid (n ϭ 5), soft tissue (n ϭ 5), bone (n ϭ 2), and pleural fluid and urine (n ϭ 1 each). C. albicans GDH2346 was used as a positive control. Anidulafungin concentrations ranging from 16 to 0.03 g/ml were tested.Planktonic MICs were determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods (4). The lowest concentration associated with a significant reduction in turbidity compared with the control well at 48 h was reported as the MIC (4). Isolates for which the MICs were Ͼ0.125 g/ml were retested and read at 24 and 48 h, as others have reported MICs after 24 h (6).Sessile MICs were determined with biofilms formed in 96-well flat-bottom microtiter plates as previously described (8). Yeast cells were grown overnight in yeast nitrogen base medium, washed twice in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and standardized to 1 ϫ 10 7 CFU/ml in RPMI medium. Each well was filled with 100 l C. albican...

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In vitro biofilm characterization and activity of antifungal agents alone and in combination against sessile and planktonic clinical Candida albicans isolates

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

In Vitro Activities of Anidulafungin and Other Antifungal Agents against Biofilms Formed by Clinical Isolates of Different Candida and Aspergillus Species

In Vitro Activities of Anidulafungin and Other Antifungal Agents against Biofilms Formed by Clinical Isolates of Different Candida and Aspergillus Species

Biofilm Formation by and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates from Urine

In Vitro Activity of Anidulafungin against Candida albicans Biofilms

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