In vitro comparative cytotoxic assessment of pristine and carboxylic functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on LN18 cells

Abstract

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been used in biomedical applications due to their ability to enter the cells. Carboxylic functionalization of MWCNT (MWCNT-COOH) is used to mitigate the toxicity of MWCNTs. Our study focuses on comparing the toxicity of MWCNT and MWCNT-COOH on the neuronal cells, LN18. Concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40 µg ml −1 were used for the study, and cytotoxicity was determined at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation. Cell viability was assessed by Trypan Blue, MTT, and Live dead cell assays, and the oxidative stress produced was determined by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Lipid peroxidation assays. MWCNT-COOH showed higher cell viability than MWCNT for 20 and 40 µg ml −1 at 24 and 48 h. This was also visually observed in the live dead cell imaging. However, at 48 h, the morphology of the cells appeared more stretched for all the concentrations of MWCNT and MWCNT-COOH in comparison to the control. A significant amount of ROS production can also be observed at the same concentration and time. Viability and oxidative stress results together revealed that MWCNT-COOH is less toxic when compared to MWCNT at longer incubation periods and higher concentrations. However, otherwise, the effect of both are comparable. A concentration of 5-10 µg ml −1 is ideal while using MWCNT and MWCNT-COOH as the toxicity is negligible. These findings can further be extended to various functionalizations of MWCNT for wider applications.

Effect of Surface Chemistry on Hemolysis, Thrombogenicity, and Toxicity of Carbon Nanotube Doped Thermally Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Implants

“…Liu et al 18 reported a promising use of CNTs for in vivo cancer treatment in a mouse model. On the other hand, Vijayalakshmi et al 19 have reported that carboxylic functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (C-SWCNTs) have increased cytotoxicity effects on human neuronal LN18 cell lines compared to pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes (P-SWCNTs). The increased toxicity of C-SWCNTs was attributed to their oxidized form, which can readily couple to proteins, peptides, or oligonucleotides.…”

Different aspects of polymer films based on low‐density polyethylene using graphene as filler

“…One of the widely used nanofiller in order to improve barrier properties are nanoclays, for instant montmorillonite, hectorite and vermiculite, presented the excellent performances when combine with the polymer matrix to obtain nanocomposites, due to the high proportion of filler used and the high‐surface area of the clay particles 12 . However, the carbon‐based materials attracted the attention of the researcher in various sector such as energy and biomedical application specially drug delivery 13–15 . Since the first experimental event of graphene isolation a window was opened with a wide range of research possibility, including the polymer nanocomposites.…”

“…12 However, the carbon-based materials attracted the attention of the researcher in various sector such as energy and biomedical application specially drug delivery. [13][14][15] Since the first experimental event of graphene isolation a window was opened with a wide range of research possibility, including the polymer nanocomposites. In the last few decades researchers from different area of expertise, like material, physics, chemistry and engineering have been also trying to use the graphene as filler to improve and control food-packaging properties, including mechanical properties as well as gas barrier.…”

Magnetized CNTs incorporated MBA cross‐linked guar gum nano‐composite for methylene blue dye removal

“…36 In addition to that the major disadvantage of CNTs is their cytotoxicity to the living cells at high concentrations in their native form. 37,38 Therefore CNTs in their native form have limited applications in water purification. Studies have been reported on the use of magnetic nanoparticles supported on CNTs as adsorbents for the removal of MB from water.…”

“…One way to make it hydrophilic is the chemical functionalization 36 . In addition to that the major disadvantage of CNTs is their cytotoxicity to the living cells at high concentrations in their native form 37,38 . Therefore CNTs in their native form have limited applications in water purification.…”