In vitro comparison of 3D printed polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid/bioglass composite scaffolds: Insights into materials for bone regeneration

Alksnė, Milda; Kalvaitytė, Miglė; Šimoliūnas, Egidijus; Rinkūnaitė, Ieva; Gendvilienė, Ieva; Ločs, Jānis; Rutkūnas, Vygandas; Bukelskienė, Virginija

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103641

Cited by 79 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…While addition of BG to different polymer matrices, such as poly-lactic acid (PLA), has been successfully exploited to produce scaffolds with good mechanical properties and biological response, and with reduced degradation times compared to PCL, these formulations may present different drawbacks. PLA is known to have biodegradation products that decrease pH in surrounding tissues, which can induce inflammation and an autoimmune response, even if this disadvantage can be addressed by its combination with bioceramics [ 23 , 24 ]. Most importantly, though PLA has been proven to be processable through additive manufacturing techniques, it is certainly a more challenging material to process, because of its relevantly higher melting temperature compared to PCL and its likelihood to undergo thermal degradation phenomena for longer residence times within the extruder tank if ad hoc measures like the use of an inert gas feed are not undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Petretta

Gambardella

Boi

et al. 2021

Biology

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Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in additive manufacturing for the construction of scaffolds for tissue engineering because of its good bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and processability. Nevertheless, its use is limited by its inadequate mechanical support, slow degradation rate and the lack of bioactivity and ability to induce cell adhesion and, thus, bone tissue regeneration. In this study, we fabricated 3D PCL scaffolds reinforced with a novel Mg-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) characterized by good mechanical properties and biological reactivity. An optimization of the printing parameters and scaffold fabrication was performed; furthermore, an extensive microtopography characterization by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy was carried out. Nano-indentation tests accounted for the mechanical properties of the scaffolds, whereas SBF tests and cytotoxicity tests using human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were performed to evaluate the bioactivity and in vitro viability. Our results showed that a 50/50 wt% of the polymer-to-glass ratio provides scaffolds with a dense and homogeneous distribution of Mg-BG particles at the surface and roughness twice that of pure PCL scaffolds. Compared to pure PCL (hardness H = 35 ± 2 MPa and Young’s elastic modulus E = 0.80 ± 0.05 GPa), the 50/50 wt% formulation showed H = 52 ± 11 MPa and E = 2.0 ± 0.2 GPa, hence, it was close to those of trabecular bone. The high level of biocompatibility, bioactivity, and cell adhesion encourages the use of the composite PCL/Mg-BG scaffolds in promoting cell viability and supporting mechanical loading in the host trabecular bone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Petretta

Gambardella

Boi

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…The composite scaffolds composed of degradable synthetic polymers and bioceramics have aroused great interest in many researchers. Biodegradable polymer materials have tough structures while bioceramics improve the electrical conductivity of bone, thus allowing for flexible adjustment of its composition and microstructure while maintaining its respective advantages (Puppi et al, 2012;Dos Santos et al, 2019;Alksne et al, 2020;Zhu et al, 2020). Qian et al (2019) infiltrated pastes containing calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) and wollastonite (WS) into a 3D plotted PLGA network to fabricate plastic CPC-based composite cement (PLGA/WS/CPC) for the first time.…”

Section: Synthetic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in the Development of Bone Regenerative Biomaterials

Tang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

130

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The goal of a biomaterial is to support the bone tissue regeneration process at the defect site and eventually degrade in situ and get replaced with the newly generated bone tissue. Biomaterials that enhance bone regeneration have a wealth of potential clinical applications from the treatment of non-union fractures to spinal fusion. The use of bone regenerative biomaterials from bioceramics and polymeric components to support bone cell and tissue growth is a longstanding area of interest. Recently, various forms of bone repair materials such as hydrogel, nanofiber scaffolds, and 3D printing composite scaffolds are emerging. Current challenges include the engineering of biomaterials that can match both the mechanical and biological context of bone tissue matrix and support the vascularization of large tissue constructs. Biomaterials with new levels of biofunctionality that attempt to recreate nanoscale topographical, biofactor, and gene delivery cues from the extracellular environment are emerging as interesting candidate bone regenerative biomaterials. This review has been sculptured around a case-by-case basis of current research that is being undertaken in the field of bone regeneration engineering. We will highlight the current progress in the development of physicochemical properties and applications of bone defect repair materials and their perspectives in bone regeneration.

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“…It is expected that the cells seeded on the scaffolds before implantation will release growth factors that will increase migration of the stem cells to the site of the injury, induce angiogenesis, and osteogenic differentiation (Neto and Ferreira, 2018;Wu et al, 2019). DPSCs are one of the best candidates in translational medicine and bone tissue regeneration due to their high degree of proliferation and efficacy in the production of fine bone particles (Alom et al, 2017;Ballini et al, 2018;Langhans et al, 2016). These cells produce the ECM proteins, which become ossified when cells turn into osteoblasts.…”

Section: Imdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extracellular matrix and dental pulp stem cells on bone regeneration with 3D printed PLA/HA composite scaffolds

Gendvilienė

Šimoliūnas²,

Alksnė³

et al. 2021

eCM

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The demand for bone grafting procedures in various fields of medicine is increasing. Existing substitutes in clinical practice do not meet all the criteria required for an ideal bone scaffold, so new materials are being sought. This study evaluated bone regeneration using a critical-size Wistar rat’s calvarial defect model. 12 male and 12 female rats were evenly divided into 3 groups: 1. Negative and positive (Geistlich Bio-Oss®) controls; 2. polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA/hydroxyapatite (HA); 3. PLA/HA cellularised with dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and PLA/HA extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds. PLA/HA filament was created using hot-melt extrusion equipment. All scaffolds were fabricated using a 3D printer. DPSC were isolated from the incisors of adult Wistar rats. The defects were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histology, 8 weeks after surgery. µCT revealed that the Bio-Oss group generated 1.49 mm3 and PLA/HA ECM 1.495 mm3 more bone volume than the negative control. Histology showed a statistically significant difference between negative control and both (Bio-Oss and PLA/HA ECM) groups in rats of both genders. Moreover, histology showed gender-specific differences in all experimental groups and a statistically significant difference between cellularised PLA/HA and PLA/HA ECM groups in female rats. Qualitative histology showed the pronounced inflammation reaction during biodegradation in the PLA group. In conclusion, the bone-forming ability was comparable between the Bio-Oss and PLA/HA ECM scaffolds. Further research is needed to analyse the effects of ECM and PLA/HA ratio on osteoregeneration.

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In vitro comparison of 3D printed polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite and polylactic acid/bioglass composite scaffolds: Insights into materials for bone regeneration

Cited by 79 publications

References 93 publications

Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Recent Trends in the Development of Bone Regenerative Biomaterials

Effect of extracellular matrix and dental pulp stem cells on bone regeneration with 3D printed PLA/HA composite scaffolds

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