In vitro comparison of third-generation cephalosporins, piperacillin, dibekacin, and other aminoglycosides against aerobic bacteria

Pulliam, Lynn; Hadley, W K; Mills, Janet C.

doi:10.1128/aac.19.3.490

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Al though achievable serum levels of cefmen oxime, cefotaxime and latamoxef will be expected to be above the MIC's of most is olates of S. aureus tested, nafacillin, van comycin and cefazolin could inhibit such bacteria at several folds lower concentra tion. Our observations substantiate those of previous investigators [2,5,7]. We did not study the effect of varying inoculum size on the in vitro susceptibility to the an tibiotics tested.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

In vitro Activity of Cefmenoxime, Cefotaxime, Latamoxef, Cefazolin, Nafcillin and Vancomycin against 53 Endocarditis and Bacteremic Strains of Staphylococcusaureus

Dhawan¹,

Maier²,

Nayyar³

et al. 1984

Chemotherapy

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Antistaphylococcal activity of newer β-lactam antibiotics, cefmenoxime, cefotaxime and latamoxef was compared with that of the more conventional antistaphylococcal agents, nafcillin, cefazolin and vancomycin. 53 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 40 from patients with endocarditis and 13 from patients with bacteremia from other causes were tested in vitro against each antibiotic using agar dilution methods. Minimal concentration of antibiotic to inhibit 90% of strains tested was 2 μg/ml for cefmenoxime and cefotaxime, 8 μg/ml for latamoxef and only 0.5 μg/ml for nafcillin, cefazolin and vancomycin. The newer β-lactam antibiotics may not be preferred to nafcillin, cefazolin or vancomycin in the treatment of serious staphylococcal infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

In vitro Activity of Cefmenoxime, Cefotaxime, Latamoxef, Cefazolin, Nafcillin and Vancomycin against 53 Endocarditis and Bacteremic Strains of Staphylococcusaureus

Dhawan¹,

Maier²,

Nayyar³

et al. 1984

Chemotherapy

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“…As evident from tables I and II, both ce fotaxime and lamoxactam were ineffective against P. aeruginosa [6,9,10]. Azlocillin, cefsulodin, and piperacillin displayed statist ically greater activity than mezlocillin against this microorganism (p = < 0.001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Agar (Disk) Diffusion Test Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Azlocillin, Cefotaxime, Cefsulodin, Lamoxactam, Mezlocillin, and Piperacillin

Traub¹

1982

Chemotherapy

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The standardized Bauer-Kirby agar diffusion test served to examine 100 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against various recently introduced broad-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins. Neither cefotaxime nor lamoxactam displayed significant activity against this microorganism. Azlocillin, cefsulodin, and piperacillin were significantly more effective (p < 0.0001) than mezlocillin against the majority of isolates. When compared individually, azlocillin and piperacillin displayed comparable in vitro activity; the same was true for cefsulodin compared with piperacillin. On the other hand, cefsulodin was somewhat more active than azlocillin (p < 0.05, > 0.01) against P. aeruginosa. These data should enable diagnostic laboratories to curtail the number of antimicrobial drugs routinely utilized to examine clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa for antibiotic susceptibility, i.e., piperacillin exclusively.

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“…Additionally, the substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay is rapid and easy to perform. Dibekacin (3',4'-dideoxykanamycin B) is a semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic useful in the treatment of severe gram-negative bacterial infections (6,9,10). Since dibekacin has a rather narrow therapeutic range and may be ototoxic or nephrotoxic at high concentrations in the blood, therapeutic drug monitoring is indicated (3,4,7,8 Gentamicin, amikacin, and tobramycin were obtained from U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, Md., dibekacin was obtained from Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, and kanamycin was purchased from Bristol Laboratories, Syracuse, N.Y.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay for measuring dibekacin concentrations in serum and plasma

Place¹,

Thompson²

1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We have developed a homogeneous substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay for the measurement of dibekacin concentrations in serum and plasma. The fluorogenic enzyme substrate ,B-galactosyl-umbelUiferone was covalently attached to tobramycin, an aminoglycoside structurally similar to dibekacin, to prepare a fluorogenic drug reagent (FDR). The FDR is nonfluorescent under assay conditions, but fluoresces upon hydrolysis by P-galactosidase. However, binding of the FDR by antiserum to the cross-reactive drug kanamycin prevents enzyme hydrolysis. The fixed level of FDR competes with dibekacin within the sample for the limiting number of antibody-binding sites in the reaction mixture. Unbound FDR is hydrolyzed by ,B-galactosidase to release a fluorescent product that is proportional to the dibekacin concentration in the sample. The assay exhibits good precision, standard curve reproducibility, recovery, sensitivity, and correlation with a comparative method. Additionally, the substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay is rapid and easy to perform. Dibekacin (3',4'-dideoxykanamycin B) is a semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic useful in the treatment of severe gram-negative bacterial infections (6, 9, 10). Since dibekacin has a rather narrow therapeutic range and may be ototoxic or nephrotoxic at high concentrations in the blood, therapeutic drug monitoring is indicated (3, 4,7,8

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In vitro comparison of third-generation cephalosporins, piperacillin, dibekacin, and other aminoglycosides against aerobic bacteria

Abstract: The in vitro activities of four new beta-lactam antibiotics and dibekacin against aerobic bacteria were compared. The new cephalosporins were more broadly active against gram-negative bacteria than were presently available cephalosporins, but were less active against staphylococci.

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

In vitro Activity of Cefmenoxime, Cefotaxime, Latamoxef, Cefazolin, Nafcillin and Vancomycin against 53 Endocarditis and Bacteremic Strains of <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i>

In vitro Activity of Cefmenoxime, Cefotaxime, Latamoxef, Cefazolin, Nafcillin and Vancomycin against 53 Endocarditis and Bacteremic Strains of <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i>

Agar (Disk) Diffusion Test Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginos</i><i>a</i> to Azlocillin, Cefotaxime, Cefsulodin, Lamoxactam, Mezlocillin, and Piperacillin

Substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay for measuring dibekacin concentrations in serum and plasma

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