In vitro control of Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) by Ricinus communis L.

Surveillance of multidrug resistant uropathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in Indian

“…An aliquot of 5 mL of nitrite broth (peptone 5 g, beefextract 3 g, KNO 3 1 g and distilled water 1 000 mL) was inoculated with 1 drop of 24 h old broth test culture and was incubated for 48 h at 37 °C . From the development of red colour within 30 seconds of adding a few drops of the reagent A (α-napthol 5 g in 1 000 mL of 30% acetic acid) and reagent B (sulphanilic acid 5 g in 1 000 mL acetic acid), the positive result was inferred.…”

“…Paradigmatically, the transformation of the commensal, Escherichia coli (E. coli) mostly isolated from patients with uncomplicated UTI [2] , to be a notorious pathogen is of utmost consternation. Further, its strains gained the capability of the production of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme, capable of degrading antibiotics of beta-lactam and cephalosporin groups; eventually, E. coli strains pose an abysmal clinical annoyance, associated with development of comorbidities, high costs of hospitalization and high mortality rates [1,3] , to put in sotto voce. Further, several other Gram-negative notorious UTI-bacteria are mainly Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Proteus sp., Klebsiella sp., Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhea.…”

“…There were many in vitro studies of antimicrobial susceptibility of urinary isolates of E. coli [3,10] . However, the emergence of MDR strains resistant to newer and potent antimicrobials has become commonplace making therapeutic options limiting to antimicrobials, carbapenem, colistin and phosphomycin.…”

Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of orange peel extract against oral biofilm forming organisms: an in vitro microbial study and scanning electron microscopic assessment

“…38 Carbohydrates, glycosides and saponins are found only in aqueous extract whereas triterpenoids are revealed only in ethanolic extracts. 39 This explains the lower MICs obtained in the study of Hussain et al wherein ethanol was used as one of the solvents for their extracts which in turn contained terpenoids responsible for membrane disruption and improved antibacterial potency. 29 Another explanation for differences is the temperature of the solvent used.…”

Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of <i>Justicia neesii</i>

“…The ability of flavonoids in forming complexes with cell walls of micro organisms and changing the structural integrity, positioned them in class of antibiotics. The antibiotic nature of flavonoids also increases with their lipophilicity (Jeyaseelan, 2012). The terpenes and phenols also exhibit antimicrobial properties (Shabir, 2011).…”