In vitro  cultivation of the embryos of hybrid forms of early-ripening sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) varieties

Kovalenko, N. N.; Gladkikh, S.V.

doi:10.18699/vj19.550

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The embryos treated were planted in the sterile tubes 21.0 × 140 mm in size with agar culture medium based on Murashige and Skoog (1962) with additions and modifications [1]. The results of the experiments were fixed in observation logs, as well as with the help of a camera.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The breeding process to create the varieties more productive, early-ripening and resistant to major harmful diseases than the existing varieties of sweet cherries and cherries presented in the State Register continues in the scientific institutions of the Russian Federation, including at the Krymsk Experimental Breeding Station of the VIR branch using the biotechnological methods [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cultivation of hybrid embryos of cherry [2,3] and sweet cherry [1,4,5] in vitro makes it possible to grow them and accelerate the appearance of new forms. The modern biotechnology in this area is based on knowledge of nutrient media proposed earlier and is supplemented by new knowledge about the composition of the artificial nutrient media used [4,5,6], and the effect of disinfecting preparations the embryos infection [1,7,8]. Inspite on success in solving of these problems by biotechnologists, the yield of breeding material is not high, and in order to optimize seed germination in Prunus L. species, the various their treatments are proposed, for example, preliminary exposure to hydrogen peroxide or gibberellic acid in combination with stratification [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (Cerasus vulgaris L.) in the process of embryos cultivation in vitro

Kovalenko¹,

Gladkih²

2020

BIO Web Conf.

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The objective reasons for the low yield of breeding material are shown. They are associated with the timing of the fruits selection, affecting the formation of the embryos and cotyledons, as well as their infection and damage by seed eater (Apion Pomonae Fabricius). The paper presents a general characteristics of the seeds quality of cherry varieties and the stages of development of embryos and cotyledons depending on the period of pollination. The presence of damage to the seed by seed eaters at an early stage was revealed, and then the complete destruction of the nucleus by its larvae. The assessment of the seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (C. vulgaris L.) was carried out to reveal the suitability their embryos cultivation in vitro for breeding programs of new varieties development. The presence of three waves of fruit dropping, inherent in cherry varieties after blossoming is clarified. When assessing the quality of the seed of the varieties introduced into in vitro culture, it is necessary to pay attention to the timing of the “harvest” of fruits and their infection, the formation of the embryos and cotyledons, as well as the presence or absence of clutches of seed eaters (damage by seed eaters).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (Cerasus vulgaris L.) in the process of embryos cultivation in vitro

Kovalenko¹,

Gladkih²

2020

BIO Web Conf.

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“…Гибридное потомство от внутривидовых скрещиваний, не говоря уже о скрещиваниях межвидовых, в которые вовлечены представители сортов вишни и сортов черешни, в полевых условиях получить очень сложно, а зачастую и невозможно из-за постгамной несовместимости. Получение и культивирование гибридных зародышей вишни в условиях in vitro дает возможность ускорить появление новых гибридных форм (Gusev, 2012;Kovalenko, Gladkih, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effect of the timing of embryo isolation on the output of seedlings of sour cherry varieties when cultivated <i>in vitro</i>

Kovalenko

Поливара

2020

Biotehnologiâ i selekciâ rastenij

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The breeders are faced with the task of the fastest breeding of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L) varieties, which will be able to fill a niche among the insurance stone fruit crops, complementing the existing assortment. It is practically impossible to speed up this process without the use of in vitro culture. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was to identify the most favorable timing for isolating embryos of sour cherry varieties and hybrids with sweet cherry for embryos active development and growth in vitro. Analysis of the literature data and the results obtained in this study allows a conclusion that the timing of embryos isolation for their introduction into in vitro culture plays a very important role for the entire breeding process. Due to the discrepancy in defining the timing, a certain starting point is proposed, which is the date of fertilization (artificial pollination), or mass flowering in the case of free pollination. The parameters (height and width) of sour cherry seeds, which depend on the period of pollination, are given. Together with the cotyledons, the embryos of sour cherry varieties on the 14th day of their development correspond to sizes from 1.2 × 0.4 mm to 1.6 × 1.0 mm and, in the case of normal fertilization, increase in size from 6 .5 × 5.1 mm to 7.2 × 6.3 mm by day 28-30, on an average. At the same time, the seed with the embryo of hybrid sour cherry varieties (dukes) reaches higher values, e.g., 11.3 × 8.1 mm. When introducing cherry embryos into culture, one should focus on their size, as well as on the period that has passed from pollination. It was found that the periods of isolation, both early on day 14-19 and late on day 44-52, negatively affect the development of embryos: they stop their development, and the number of the obtained seedlings decreases. It has been experimentally proven that the most optimal timing of fruit picking for growing cherry hybrids in vitro is the period from day 28 to 32 after pollination of flowers: active development was observed in them on days 10-15 in test tubes, and most of them (83-85%) began to germinate 40 days later (on day 39-47 after the introduction into in vitro culture). In general, this leads to the efficient hybridization and accelerated obtaining of seedlings in the same year.

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Testing a set of SSR markers to obtain the genetic profiles of common plum and cherry plum varieties and to assess the genetic similarity between hybrids obtained in remote crossing

Yankovskaya,

Kapitova

2023

Sadovodstvo i vinogradarstvo

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Common plum (Prunus domestica L.) is one of the fruit crops that are particularly difficult to study genetically. Unlike most other species of the genus Prunus, it is a hexaploid species (2n=48) originating from complex interspecific hybridization, and the question of its origin is yet to be conclusively resolved. Presently, several studies are available that examine the phylogeny and systematics of the genus Prunus in general and specifically the speciation of Prunus domestica L., with the use of molecular genetics methods. Although the SSR marker method is widely adopted in the practice of studying the most important stone fruit crops, the polymorphism of SSR loci in Prunus domestica L. is rarely studied in the gene pool. The present study examined the effectiveness of 22 microsatellite (SSR) markers using common plum and cherry plum varieties bred at the Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology, and Nursery in order to obtain the genetic profiles of these varieties and develop a variety passport. In addition, this set of markers was used to evaluate the genetic diversity and genetic similarity between the varieties of common plum and cherry plum, as well as remote hybrids obtained using embryo rescue, from the collection of the Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology, and Nursery. The screening results obtained for a set of 22 SSR markers using 10 varieties and 19 hybrid specimens revealed a low level of polymorphism detected by this set and a small number of shared alleles. This set of markers was found to be inadequate to fully evaluate our sample in terms of allelic diversity, as well as genetic similarity between parental and hybrid forms. The proportion of unique genotypes that can be identified using these markers amounts to less than 50 %. The large number of overlapping fragment sizes prevents the generation of individual genetic profiles for the varieties. It was found necessary to apply and test additional markers, as well as to develop multiplex sets on their basis, which will form the basis for routine genotyping of varieties. For a more accurate and reliable estimation of fragment lengths and allele sharing, further analysis should be performed using capillary electrophoresis. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology of the Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery in 2022.

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In vitro cultivation of the embryos of hybrid forms of early-ripening sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) varieties

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (Cerasus vulgaris L.) in the process of embryos cultivation in vitro

Evaluation of seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (Cerasus vulgaris L.) in the process of embryos cultivation in vitro

Effect of the timing of embryo isolation on the output of seedlings of sour cherry varieties when cultivated <i>in vitro</i>

Testing a set of SSR markers to obtain the genetic profiles of common plum and cherry plum varieties and to assess the genetic similarity between hybrids obtained in remote crossing

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