Techniques of inflorescence and spikelet culture have been used for three major cereals . In maize, the influence of hormones on sexuality has been demonstrated . For wheat and barley the influence of supplying carbohydrate and nitrogen on grain content has been explored . Although in vitro seed setting is less efficient than in vivo the resulting grains, from optimal treatments, are in almost all respects normal or nearly so . Culture media to achieve this are precisely defined .In reviewing this work a major concern has been to highlight an elegant system of enquiry but at the same time to indicate the remarkably small area of interest to which it has been applied . As a prelude therefore to a consideration of the technical achievements, the range of spikelet form, and more particularly, function are examined . The aim is to encourage the application of inflorescence and spikelet culture to a much wider range of topics than hitherto .