In vitro cytotoxicity assays. Potential alternatives to the Draize ocular allergy test

Borenfreund, Ellen; Borrero, Olina

doi:10.1007/bf00125565

Cited by 130 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to Borenfreund et al, [22] cytotoxic effects can be based on the protein content of the cultures, which is used as a measure for cell growth. Significant cytotoxicity is hereby defined as an effect which leads to an inhibition of cell growth of more than 30% as compared to the cultures treated with solvent controls.…”

Section: In-vitro Cytotoxicity Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity of a PHBV Membrane with Surface‐Immobilized Water‐Soluble Chitosan and Chondroitin‐6‐sulfate

Lin

et al. 2006

Macromolecular Bioscience

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A water-soluble chitosan (WSC)/chondroitin-6-sulfate (ChS) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) is covalently immobilized onto the surface of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV) membranes via ozone-induced oxidation and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) graft polymerization. To characterize the modified membranes, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle measurements are performed. It is shown that by coupling WSC as a spacer, the amount of ChS immobilized can be significantly increased. The water contact angle decreases with the amount of PAA, WSC, and ChS immobilized, which indicates the improving hydrophilicity. After WSC- and PEC-immobilization modification, the PHBV membranes possess antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and Methicilin resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA). According to the L929 fibroblast cell growth inhibition index, the as-prepared PHBV membranes are non-cytotoxic. In addition, the in-vitro evaluation of L929 fibroblast attachment, proliferation, and viability of PEC-immobilized PHBV membranes are ascertained to be superior to those of immobilized WSC or ChS alone. The overall results demonstrate that WSC/ChS PEC immobilization can not only improve the hydrophilicity and cytocompatibility of the PHBV membrane, but also endows antibacterial activity. [GRAPH: SEE TEXT] The bacterial survival ratio of as-prepared PHBV membranes (n=3).

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Section: In-vitro Cytotoxicity Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity of a PHBV Membrane with Surface‐Immobilized Water‐Soluble Chitosan and Chondroitin‐6‐sulfate

Lin

et al. 2006

Macromolecular Bioscience

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“…The percentage of killed cells in two different EK lines correlated directly with the applied concentrations of Triton and did not depend upon individual proliferative proper ties of EK lines. Toxicity of compounds on EK can also be determined by assessing mor phological alterations of keratinocytes as viewed under the inverted microscope [44] or by assessing toxicity in neutral red assay [10]. The protein analysis is less desirable because damaged cells or cell fragments retained in the culture wells give spurious results [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computerized Microassay of Keratinocyte Cell-Plastic Attachment and Proliferation for Assessing Net Stimulatory, Inhibitory and Toxic Effects of Compounds on Nonimmortalized Cell Lines

Grando

Cabrera

Hostager

et al. 1993

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Testing of pharmacological agents that affect growth of epidermal keratinocytes (EK) requires a standardized assay. We have developed an assay measuring net effects of stimulatory (e.g. growth factors), inhibitory (e.g. methotrexate) or toxic (e.g. Triton X-100) compounds. The amount of crystal violet staining viable EK attached to the wells of standard 96-well microplates is measured in situ using an ELISA plate reader. Optical density readings are directly converted into cell counts by computer software. Counts obtained by this method strongly correlate with the results obtained using the [³H]thymidine uptake assay and direct cell counts. The assay standardizes measurements of nonimmortalized EK lines with different innate proliferative properties and allows accurate quantitation of EK numbers in the range of 2,500–500,000 EK/well.

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“…After shaking for 10 min on a plate shaker the absorbance was read at 540 nm (Borenfreund & Borrero, 1984).…”

Section: Neutral Red Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean extracts enriched with free isoflavones promote nitric oxide synthesis and affect the proliferation of breast adenocarcinoma cells

Ferreira¹,

Frungillo²,

Rosso³

et al. 2013

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Abstract:Although soybean isoflavones naturally accumulate in their conjugated forms, the beneficial effects on human health of soybean-containing foods have been credited to their aglycone forms. In the present study we analyzed the effects of a chemical agent, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), in eliciting the exudation of nonconjugated isoflavones from intact soybean seeds, embrionary axes and cotyledons. The isoflavones in the exudates were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The effect of the exudates on the emission of nitric oxide (NO) and on the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7) was also evaluated. SNP elicitation increased the production of the aglycone forms dose-and time-dependently. Exudates of embrionary axes and cotyledons stimulated NO emission and showed biphasic effects on viability of MCF-7 cells. At lower concentrations both extracts presented proliferative effects (10-25%), and at higher concentrations inhibited (15%) cell proliferation. The biphasic effect might be due to the action of isoflavone aglycones in activating estrogen receptors which in turn stimulate the production of NO. Overall, the results suggest that soybean extracts enriched in isoflavone aglycones by elicitation with SNP could be exploited as a functional ingredient in the food industry.

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In vitro cytotoxicity assays. Potential alternatives to the Draize ocular allergy test

Cited by 130 publications

References 17 publications

Cytocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity of a PHBV Membrane with Surface‐Immobilized Water‐Soluble Chitosan and Chondroitin‐6‐sulfate

Cytocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity of a PHBV Membrane with Surface‐Immobilized Water‐Soluble Chitosan and Chondroitin‐6‐sulfate

Computerized Microassay of Keratinocyte Cell-Plastic Attachment and Proliferation for Assessing Net Stimulatory, Inhibitory and Toxic Effects of Compounds on Nonimmortalized Cell Lines

Soybean extracts enriched with free isoflavones promote nitric oxide synthesis and affect the proliferation of breast adenocarcinoma cells

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