In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles Hybridized with Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens  for Living Cell Imaging

Xia, Yun; Li, Min; Peng, Tao; Zhang, Weijie; Xiong, Jun; Hu, Qingxi; Song, Zifang; Zheng, Qi

doi:10.3390/ijms14011080

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“… The NPs do not cause apoptosis, ROS generation, or serious morphological changes in cells at concentrations lower than 100 μg/ml. [ 152 ] CdTe QDs modified with mercaptosuccinic acid 4 nm 0.1–100 μg/ml; 24 h HUVECs MTT assay; flow cytometry; ROS assay The QDs are toxic for HUVECs. The QDs increase the intracellular ROS level and activate apoptosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of Nanoparticle Toxicity on Their Physical and Chemical Properties

et al. 2018

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Studies on the methods of nanoparticle (NP) synthesis, analysis of their characteristics, and exploration of new fields of their applications are at the forefront of modern nanotechnology. The possibility of engineering water-soluble NPs has paved the way to their use in various basic and applied biomedical researches. At present, NPs are used in diagnosis for imaging of numerous molecular markers of genetic and autoimmune diseases, malignant tumors, and many other disorders. NPs are also used for targeted delivery of drugs to tissues and organs, with controllable parameters of drug release and accumulation. In addition, there are examples of the use of NPs as active components, e.g., photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy and in hyperthermic tumor destruction through NP incorporation and heating. However, a high toxicity of NPs for living organisms is a strong limiting factor that hinders their use in vivo. Current studies on toxic effects of NPs aimed at identifying the targets and mechanisms of their harmful effects are carried out in cell culture models; studies on the patterns of NP transport, accumulation, degradation, and elimination, in animal models. This review systematizes and summarizes available data on how the mechanisms of NP toxicity for living systems are related to their physical and chemical properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of Nanoparticle Toxicity on Their Physical and Chemical Properties

et al. 2018

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“…Researchers have also suggested adding the assay substrate to the particle-media suspension and then removing the particles via centrifugation before quantifying the product in the particle-free media. 61,65 Although this extra centrifugation step was successful for certain particles when using the MTS assay (eg anatase, etc), it did not eliminate interference of other particles (eg, ZnO), 66 which may be explained by the fact that the centrifugation step only occurs after the particles have already interacted (and possibly interfered) with the assay substrate and/or product. Even if particles are removed by centrifugation prior to the addition of assay substrate, interference may still be present since not all particles are ever completely removed and will remain in the supernatant after centrifugation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference: A Much-Neglected Aspect in High-Throughput Screening of Nanoparticles

Yu¹,

Gulumian

2020

Int J Toxicol

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Despite several studies addressing nanoparticle (NP) interference with conventional toxicity assay systems, it appears that researchers still rely heavily on these assays, particularly for high-throughput screening (HTS) applications in order to generate “big” data for predictive toxicity approaches. Moreover, researchers often overlook investigating the different types of interference mechanisms as the type is evidently dependent on the type of assay system implemented. The approaches implemented in the literature appear to be not adequate as it often addresses only one type of interference mechanism with the exclusion of others. For example, interference of NPs that have entered cells would require intracellular assessment of their interference with fluorescent dyes, which has so far been neglected. The present study investigated the mechanisms of interference of gold NPs and silver NPs in assay systems implemented in HTS including optical interference as well as adsorption or catalysis. The conventional assays selected cover all optical read-out systems, that is, absorbance (XTT toxicity assay), fluorescence (CytoTox-ONE Homogeneous membrane integrity assay), and luminescence (CellTiter Glo luminescent assay). Furthermore, this study demonstrated NP quenching of fluorescent dyes also used in HTS (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein, propidium iodide, and 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-benzamidazolocarbocyanin iodide). To conclude, NP interference is, as such, not a novel concept, however, ignoring this aspect in HTS may jeopardize attempts in predictive toxicology. It should be mandatory to report the assessment of all mechanisms of interference within HTS, as well as to confirm results with label-free methodologies to ensure reliable big data generation for predictive toxicology.

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“…These hybrid NPs generally gave rather weak emission because of the significant quenching caused by the aggregation of dyes in the solid state. To address this problem, luminogens with the feature of aggregation-induced emission (AIEgens), were introduced into the fabrication of fluorescent inorganic NPs via non-covalent or covalent binding, leading to enhanced fluorescence brightness and superior photostability [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. For example, Prasad et al firstly reported AIEgens functionalized SiO 2 NPs via a physical doping method [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication of Fluorescent Inorganic Nanoparticles with Diverse Shapes for Cell Imaging

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Nanomaterials

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In the present work, we describe a facile and general method of fabricating fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles with diverse shapes for cell imaging application. The hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (HNPs) with three different shapes (i.e., spindle shape, ellipsoidal shape and quasi-spherical shape) were first prepared as model systems in consideration of good biocompatibility and the controllable morphology of α-Fe2O3. Three fluorescent HNPs with different shapes were readily achieved via one-pot sol-gel reaction of AIE luminogen-functionalized siloxane (AIEgen-Si(OCH3)3) and TEOS in the presence of PVP-stabilized HNPs. Due to the fluorescence originating from the thin AIEgens-contained SiO2 shell around the HNPs, their photoluminescent intensities can be tuned by changing the concentrations of TEOS and AIEgen-Si(OCH3)3 in feed prior to the sol-gel reaction. When the as-prepared fluorescent products were dispersed in water, they gave intense green light emission upon excitation at 360 nm with relatively high fluorescence quantum yield. Further, fluorescent HNPs exhibited low cytotoxicity and excellent photostability and, thus, were used as optical probes to preliminarily explore the effect of nanoparticle shapes on their cellular uptake behaviors. This work should open a facile way to prepare various fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles with specific morphology for various biological applications.

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In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles Hybridized with Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Living Cell Imaging

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Dependence of Nanoparticle Toxicity on Their Physical and Chemical Properties

Dependence of Nanoparticle Toxicity on Their Physical and Chemical Properties

Interference: A Much-Neglected Aspect in High-Throughput Screening of Nanoparticles

Facile Fabrication of Fluorescent Inorganic Nanoparticles with Diverse Shapes for Cell Imaging

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