In vitro effects of hydrochloric acid and various concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric, or valeric acids on bioelectric properties of equine gastric squamous mucosa

Andrews, Frank M.; Buchanan, Benjamin R.; Smith, Sionagh; Elliott, Sarah B.; Saxton, Arnold M.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.67.11.1873

Cited by 66 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As sodium transport is a value for cell vitality, exposure to HCl seems to cause cell damage. After the addition of calcium carbonate the decreased values of sodium transport returned to values that were measured before the negative effects of HCl and short chain fatty acids took part (Andrews et al 2006). From these results, the authors proposed that calcium has a protective effect in the development of squamous gastric lesions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effects of alfalfa chaff on the gastric mucosa in adult horses

Vondran¹,

Venner²,

Coenen³

et al. 2017

PHK

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Summary: Feeding alfalfa hay is often recommended because of its buffering properties associated with substances, like protein and calcium, to prevent lesions. However, the particle size of the alfalfa preparations seems to have an influence on gastric mucosa in weanlings. We hypothesized that feeding alfalfa chaff with harsh particles would negatively impact glandular gastric mucosa in adult horses under maintenance conditions. The study was performed as a cross-over 2 × 2 Latin square design with 16-days washout intervals over 8 weeks. Six geldings (19 to 21 years of age) were kept in individual boxes (10.85 m 2 ). The horses were fed 1.5 kg per 100 kg BW of alfalfa chaff or grass hay, offered twice a day. Horses were subjected to a gastroscopy immediately before the feeding period (T= 0), after the first feeding period of 12 days (T =12), after the first washout period (T = 28), after the second feeding period of 12 days (T = 40) and after the second washout period (T = 56). When horses were fed alfalfa chaff the median score of the antrum raised from 0 to 2 (p = 0.07). And after the washout period the median score of the antrum decreased to 0.5 (p = 0.04). In conclusion feeding alfalfa chaff induced glandular mucosal lesions at the antrum. Lesions of the antrum induced by feeding alfalfa chaff seem to be reversible and to heal within 16 days. Keywords: alfalfa, particle size, gastric lesions, gastroscopy, EGGD, nutrition Citation: Vondran S., Venner M. , Coenen M., Vervuert I. (2017) Effects of alfalfa chaff on the gastric mucosa in adult horses. Pferdeheilkunde 33, 66-71;

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effects of alfalfa chaff on the gastric mucosa in adult horses

Vondran¹,

Venner²,

Coenen³

et al. 2017

PHK

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“…All of these factors share the common trait that they increase the exposure of the squamous mucosa to acid. In vitro experiments clearly show that squamous mucosal cells are susceptible to hydrochloric acid (HCl) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) injury in a pH, dose and time dependent manner 61. Damage of the outer cell barrier is induced by HCl, later followed by diffusion into the squamous cells of the stratum spinosum ultimately resulting in ulceration 62.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

European College of Equine Internal Medicine Consensus Statement—Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in Adult Horses

Sykes

Hewetson

Hepburn³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

252

436

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“…Ruptures affected both the glandular and the non-glandular portions, and usually measured 20cm. Histologically, the structural and functional differences between the epithelia of the two mucosae influence the aspect of ulcerative lesions on the gastric wall (Murray 1999, Andrews et al 2006. However, no study has evaluated and compared the distension of the gastric wall in the glandular and the non-glandular portions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to rupture of the equine stomach

et al. 2016

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RESUMO.-[Resistência à ruptura do estômago equino.]A cólica é um dos problemas mais comuns na clínica de equinos sendo responsável por grande número de mortes. A ruptura gástrica tem sido amplamente descrita na literatura e acomete número expressivo de animais. A dilatação gástrica, que antecede a ruptura, pode advir do consumo excessivo de capim recém-cortado, ingestão rápida de água, infestação por Gastherophilus, ocorrência de íleo paralítico e obstruções intestinais distais. A ruptura gástrica tem sido amplamente descrita na literatura e acomete um número expressivo de animais. Este estudo objetivou determinar a resistência à ruptura do estômago equino mediante a insuflação de ar atmosférico (mmHg) e do preenchimento com água (L). Foram utilizados 40 estômagos de equinos adultos jovens (20 machos castrados e 20 fêmeas) sem raça definida. Medidas relativas ao comprimento total do órgão (cm), peso do órgão (g), curvatura maior (cm), curvatura menor (cm) e altura (cm) foram aferidas e não diferiram entre machos e fêmeas (p>0,05). No entanto, os estômagos dos machos apresentaram medidas superiores as das fêmeas e por assim serem, comportaram um maior volume de água (p<0,05). No teste de resistência mediante insuflação de ar atmosférico não houve diferença entre machos e fêmeas (93mmHg). Os rompimentos ocorreram ao longo da curvatura maior (99%) nas faces visceral (80%) e diafragmática (20%) e abrangeram todas as camadas da parede gástrica. Apesar de ser um órgão relativamente pequeno, o estômago dos equinos apresenta considerável resistência à ruptura, seja por líquido ou por ar atmosférico. Equine colic is an important and common cause of disease and death in horses. Gastric rupture has been extensively described in the literature, and is known to affect expressive numbers of horses. Gastric dilatation, which precedes rupture, may be observed when the animal consumes large amounts of recently harvested grass or drinks water too fast, though diagnosis criteria also include infestation with Gastherophilus and the presence of ileus and distal intestinal obstructions. The objective of the present study was to determine the resistance to rupture of the equine stomach to air (mm Hg) and water (L) injection. Forty stomachs of young horses (20 geldings and 20 mares) with no defined breed were analyzed. Total organ length (cm), weight (g), greater curved length (cm), lesser curved length (cm) and height (cm) were measured, with no statistical difference between males and females (p > .05). However, stomachs of horses were larger than those of mares and therefore presented higher volumetric capacity (p<0.05). No difference between males and females was observed in the pressure assay (93mmg Hg). Rupture occurred along the greater curvature (99%) and on the visceral (80%) and diaphragmatic (20%) surfaces, across all layers of the gastric wall. Although the equine stomach is relatively small, the organ is considerably resistant to rupture, whether by injection of air or liquid. Horses and mares exhibit similar resistance va...

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In vitro effects of hydrochloric acid and various concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric, or valeric acids on bioelectric properties of equine gastric squamous mucosa

Abstract: The VFAs, especially acetic acid, in the presence of HCl at a pH of

Cited by 66 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of alfalfa chaff on the gastric mucosa in adult horses

Effects of alfalfa chaff on the gastric mucosa in adult horses

European College of Equine Internal Medicine Consensus Statement—Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in Adult Horses

Resistance to rupture of the equine stomach

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