In Vitro, Evaluation of Anticancer and Anti-dermatophytes Activities of Some Egyptian Medicinal Plants 

Abstract

In this investigation three ancient Egyptian medical plants; Plantago albicans L., Thymelaea hirsuta (L.) Endl. and Urginea maritima (L.) were chosen to explore their biochemical properties, anticancer and antimycotic activities against clinical dermatophytes. Growing of Trichophyton soudanense, Trichophyton erinacei, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum gallinae, Microsporum ferrogenium, Microsporum cookie, Microsporum racemosum, Microsporum persicolor and Microsporum canis were totally inhibited by the 100 µg/mL of P. albicans methanolic extract. Whereas the growth of T. soudanense, T. erinacei, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurance and Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum were 100% inhibited by the methanolic extract of T. hirsiuta at 100 µg/mL concentration, however its acetone extract was more active against Microsporum species. The highest fungi toxicity against all dermatophytic fungi was detected in both methanol and acetone extract of U. maritima at a concentration ranged between 50 to 100 µg/mL. Methanolic extract of P. albicans inhibited the viability of HCT-116, HepG-2, MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines by (41%, 40%, 80% and 81%); (30%, 20%, 66% and 70%); (19%, 0%, 49% and 57%); (5%, 0%, 35% and 45%) and (0%, 0%, 21% and 40%) at 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the cells death after treatment with the same concentrations of T. hirsuta methanol extract were (10%, 20%, 23% and 60%); (16%, 40%, 58% and 80%); (40%, 50%, 80% and 100%); (51%, 65%, 100% and 100%) and (49%, 82%, 100% and 100%) in HCT-116, HepG-2, MCF-7 and HeLa cells, respectively. Viability of HCT-116, MCF-7 and HepG-2 cell lines was totally suppressed with 100 µg/mL whereas the HeLa cell growth was reduced to 10% and totally killed at 100 and 200 µg/mL, respectively of U. maritima methanolic extract. All data approve the significance of Egyptian ethnomedical plants as potent source of diverse bioactive pharmaceutical metabolites.

Sulfur-containing benzofurans and α-pyrones from the mangrove-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. WHUF0341

“…Fungi are considered to be rich sources of biologically active compounds for drug discovery (Newman and Cragg, 2020;Carroll et al, 2021). However, due to the rediscovery of previously described natural products of fungi from traditionally investigated habitats, the attention of researchers has been increasingly attracted to fungi from unique ecological niches such as mangrove-derived fungi (El-Bondkly et al, 2021). Mangroves are a diverse group of higher plants vegetating in the intertidal zones in subtropical and tropical climates (Ellison and Farnsworth, 1992;Nagelkerken et al, 2008).…”

New prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloids and polyketides from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp

“…The fungal genus Penicillium is one of the most filamentous fungi widely distributed in terrestrial and marine habitats and contains more than 483 known species (Perrone and Susca, 2017;Houbraken et al, 2020). Among them, the mangrovederived fungi of the genus Penicillium are prolific producers of diverse secondary metabolites with a wide range of pharmacological activities (Zhang et al, 2012;Bai et al, 2019;El-Bondkly et al, 2021;Ren et al, 2021), including antitumor agents sumalarin A (Meng et al, 2013) and brocazines A and B (Meng et al, 2014), aglycosidase inhibitory agents peniisocoumarin C (Cai et al, 2018) and (R)-2-chloro-3-(8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1-oxo-1H-isochromen-3-yl)propyl acetate (Qiu et al, 2020), antiviral agent simpterpenoid A (Li et al, 2018), antibacterial agent brevianamide S (Song et al, 2018), and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory agent penerpene E (Zhou et al, 2019). Genome analyses of the biosynthetic gene clusters have also demonstrated that most of Penicillium fungi were biosynthetically talented in producing alkaloids and polyketides (Kozlovskii et al, 2012;Kozlovskii et al, 2015;El Hajj Assaf et al, 2020).…”