In vitro evaluation of surfactants with eucalyptus oil for respiratory distress syndrome

Banerjee, Rinti; Bellare, Jayesh

doi:10.1016/s0034-5687(01)00201-8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…consisted mainly of DPPC and some amounts of cetyl alcohol and tyloxapol as spreading agents to facilitate interfacial adsorption, but its efficacy was always significantly inferior to those surfactant preparations containing proteins [21]. Other pure lipidic preparations incorporated also some proportions of anionic phospholipids [22] and other lipid additives have been assessed as potential agents to improve DPPC dynamics [23], but the idea that an efficient therapeutic surfactant could be designed in the absence of surface active proteins was abandoned soon. In fact, is the action of proteins SP-B and SP-C that greatly facilitates the rapid movement of surface-active lipids between membranes and the interface and helps to re-spread the compressed states of the films during subsequent cycling [8,24].…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthetic Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations: New Developments and Future Trends

Mingarro¹,

Lukovic²,

Vilar³

et al. 2008

CMC

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Pulmonary surfactant is a lipid-protein complex that coats the interior of the alveoli and enables the lungs to function properly. Upon its synthesis, lung surfactant adsorbs at the interface between the air and the hypophase, a capillary aqueous layer covering the alveoli. By lowering and modulating surface tension during breathing, lung surfactant reduces respiratory work of expansion, and stabilises alveoli against collapse during expiration.Pulmonary surfactant deficiency, or dysfunction, contributes to several respiratory pathologies, such as infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) in premature neonates, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in children and adults. The main clinical exogenous surfactants currently in use to treat some of these pathologies are essentially organic extracts obtained from animal lungs. Although very efficient, natural surfactants bear serious defects: i) they could vary in composition from batch to batch; ii) their production involves relatively high costs, and sources are limited; and iii) they carry a potential risk of transmission of animal infectious agents and the possibility of immunological reaction. All these caveats justify the necessity for a highly controlled synthetic material.In the present review the efforts aimed at new surfactant development, including the modification of existing exogenous surfactants by adding molecules that can enhance their activity, and the progress achieved in the production of completely new preparations, are discussed. Pulmonary surfactant function and dysfunctionThe respiratory surface of lungs constitutes the largest area of the human body exposed to the environment. Efficient gas exchange requires a large enough surface to be continuously exposed to air while minimising the barriers for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse between air and the blood compartment [1]. At the same time, a selection of combined defence mechanisms is required to help keep such an essentially exposed area sterile of potential pathogenic microorganisms. Pulmonary surfactant, a lipid-protein complex produced by the alveolar epithelium of lungs, has been optimised to coordinate two main activities through natural evolution. On the one hand, it stabilises the respiratory surface against physical forces, therefore minimising the work required to maintain the large respiratory surface open to air [2][3][4]. On the other hand, pulmonary surfactant contains elements responsible for establishing a primary innate antipathogenic barrier, essential to ensure an intrinsically low pathogen load in the absence of induced defence mechanisms [5]. Extensive research in the last few decades has revealed some of the molecular mechanisms involved in pulmonary surfactant action. However, the manner in which both the biophysical and defence activities are intermingled and coordinately modulated in the alveolar spaces is now only beginning to be envisioned.Pulmonary surfactant is composed of approximately 90% lipids and 8-10% proteins, although only around 5% ...

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confidence: 99%

Synthetic Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations: New Developments and Future Trends

Mingarro¹,

Lukovic²,

Vilar³

et al. 2008

CMC

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“…In vitro studies have found that eucalyptus oil (type unstated) has the potential for use in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, due to its ability to improve surfactant function (Zanker et al. 1980, Banerjee & Bellare 2001). The oxidative properties of eucalyptus oils may be exploited when used to treat respiratory pathogens (Grassmann et al.…”

Section: Respiratory Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromatherapy practice in nursing: literature review

Maddocks¹,

Wilkinson

2004

Journal of Advanced Nursing

109

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“…However, there have been concerns in the past that the use of clove cigarettes may induce the development of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in susceptible subjects. It is of interest that it was recently shown that clove oil enhances the surfactant effects of phospholipids; 4 eucalyptus (or cineole, its main constituent) may have 5 The smoke of marijuana can reduce bronchospasm in asthma, 6 but continued use may lead to an increase in coughing since it can induce bronchitis. The effects of oral marijuana and its synthetic derivatives are not so dramatic in asthma; they have not been evaluated as specific therapy for cough, but the sedative and antiemetic effects of marijuana products suggests that suitable derivatives could reduce non-specific coughing.…”

Section: Peripherally Acting Antitussivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Antitussives

Ziment¹

2002

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

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The mechanisms of actions of cough medicines are not always known. The problem is exacerbated for herbal medicines, where the effectiveness of the plant or its phytochemicals have rarely been carefully evaluated. Moreover, the most active phytomedicinal constituent is difficult to identify, and the expense and difficulty of such studies discourages sponsors who may not be able to benefit by subsequent exclusive marketing of the herbal remedy. Most popular herbs used as cough medicines appear to be demulcents whose action is confined to the oropharynx. It is probable that the vast majority of allegedly effective herbal cough medicines act as non-specific emetic-expectorants. The proof of activity of even marketed herbal derivatives such as guaifenesin and codeine is difficult to obtain. It is therefore likely that herbal cough medications will never be shown to be more active than placebos. Nevertheless, these plant products will continue to be popular remedies for patients and their health care advisors.

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In vitro evaluation of surfactants with eucalyptus oil for respiratory distress syndrome

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Synthetic Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations: New Developments and Future Trends

Synthetic Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations: New Developments and Future Trends

Aromatherapy practice in nursing: literature review

Herbal Antitussives

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