In vitro evaluation of the genotoxicity of ritodrine and verapamil in human lymphocytes

Abstract

<jats:p> The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of ritodrine and verapamil on human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro using micronucleus (MN) test. Also, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a centromeric probe was performed to determine the origin of the induced MN. Cells were treated with 8.4 × 10<jats:sup> —6</jats:sup> M — 25.2 × 10<jats:sup>— 4</jats:sup> M concentrations for ritodrine and 0.56—11 × 10<jats:sup>— 5</jats:sup> M concentrations for verapamil, separately and combined. The MN frequencies showed increase after all treatments, but the difference between treated cells and untreated controls were found to be statistically significant only in the concentration range from 8.4 × 10<jats:sup>— 5</jats:sup> M — 4.5 × 10<jats:sup>—4</jats:sup> M for ritodrine, 1.1 — 3.3 × 10<jats:sup>—5</jats:sup> M for verapamil, and in combined treatment with concentrations 8.4 × 10<jats:sup> —5</jats:sup> M + 1.1 × 10<jats:sup>—5</jats:sup> M for ritodrine and verapamil. The highest tested concentrations of both medicaments showed cytotoxic effect. Both medicaments decreased the nuclear division index (NDI) in tested concentrations. The results of FISH analysis suggest that verapamil, separately or combined with ritodrine, shows to a larger extent aneugenic than clastogenic effect. </jats:p>

The Modifying Effect of Co-Mutagens on the Frequency and Spectrum of Radiation-Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Human Cells

“…This is consistent with the studies in which the long-term therapy with calcium antagonists does not lead to an increase in the frequency of chromosomal changes [29,30]. PBL irradiation in the range of 0.3-2.0 Gy and additional treatment with Vp in different concentrations led to an increase in overall frequency of chromosomal aberrations compared to radiation alone.…”

Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, genotoxic and anticancer activities of lichen Cetraria islandica

“…Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) test in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) is a well established method to biomonitor human exposure to genotoxic agents in vivo (Milošević-Djordjević et al 2007;Speit et al 2012;Vrndić et al 2013) or in vitro (Milošević-Djordjević et al 2011;Turkez and Aydin 2012;Milošević-Djordjević et al 2013). MNi are small cytoplasmic bodies formed during cell division originating from chromosome/chromatid fragments or whole chromosome loss.…”