In vitro evaluation of the effects of some acaricides on life stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Bicalho, Kelly Alves; Ferreira, Fabiene; Borges, Lígia Miranda Ferreira; Ribeiro, Múcio Flávio Barbosa

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352001000500006

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The ticks from group II (CT) showed a reduction of 0.13% than the ticks of group I (control). This very high level of reduction in the RI may be due to direct effect of cypermethrin (Bicalho et al 2001). Although cypermethrin has direct toxic effect on challenged ticks and not allowed ticks to feed on treated animals more than 3 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparative efficacy of Annona squamosa and Azadirachta indica extracts against Boophilus microplus Izatnagar isolate

2009

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In the search of developing herbal acaricides, eight medicinal plants were screened for their efficacy against Boophilus microplus, the widely distributed tick species in India. Of the seven extracts screened, the extracts prepared from the Annona squamosa seed showed very high level of efficacy (70.8%) after 24 h of treatment. The effect of treatment on oviposition of the survived ticks was also assessed, and a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the reproductive index was noted in comparison to control. When efficacy of the in vitro optimized concentration of A. squamosa was compared with previously tested extract of Azadirachta indica in in vivo model, it was observed that the extracts prepared from A. indica is more efficacious than the extracts of A. squamosa. A comparable efficacy against B. microplus fed on animals treated with herbal extracts and commonly used synthetic acaricide was noted. The possibility of using the herbal extracts in IPM format for the management of ticks is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparative efficacy of Annona squamosa and Azadirachta indica extracts against Boophilus microplus Izatnagar isolate

2009

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“…(unpublished report) reported that alpha–cypermethrin controlled significantly both the immature and mature ticks. Elsewhere, Bicalho et al [45] reported that the high cis-cypermethrin had a 75% inhibition of R. sanguineus eggs from hatching while it had 100% larval, nymphal and adult tick mortality. We therefore recommend the use of Ecotix ® pour-on preparation in the routine control of ticks and TBDs in Tanzania.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick infestations in extensively grazed cattle and efficacy trial of high-cis cypermethrin pour-on preparation for control of ticks in Mvomero district in Tanzania

Muwonge

2012

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundThis study aimed at determining the extent of tick infestations in extensively grazed cattle and assess the efficacy of Ecotix® acaricide (2.5% high cis cypermethrin) in Mvomero district in Tanzania. A total of 1200 Tanzanian short horn Zebu (TSHZ) from two farms in two villages were qualitatively assessed for tick infestations and 40 animals (grouped in 10s from each farm) were separated in their herds and quantitatively examined to establish the tick load. The animals were grouped in treatment regime groups (TxRG 1, 2, 3, and 4), TxRG 1 being the control group was treated with water. Ecotix® was applied on day 0 for TxRG 2, days 0 and 7 for TxRG 3 and days 0, 7 and 14 for TxRG 4 and tick load was monitored for 28 days.ResultsAll the animals examined were infested with ticks. The identified ticks were Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (55%), Amblyomma variegatum (18%), R. (Boophilus) microplus (12.9%), R. (B) decoloratus (7.1%), R. evertsi evertsi (4.4%) and R. composites (2.6%). The overall mean (mean ± SEM) tick density on day zero was 63 ± 30 ticks per animal (ranging from 20–160). The mean tick density on day zero was 44.6 ± 25.4, 74.6 ± 30.3, 55.0 ± 26.2 and 77 ± 33.5 for groups one, two, three and four respectively. Post-treatment quantitative assessment of tick burden revealed that the TxRG 1 animals maintained a tick load throughout the study period. A significant decrease in tick load in animals in groups TxRG 2, 3 and 4 (P=0.0001) with increasing frequency of Ecotix® application was recorded. There was however no significant difference in tick reduction between TxRG 3 and 4 (P=0.0986). Thus TxRG 3 would be sufficient for the monthly tick treatment and with this regime, the farmer would save up to 2.5 USD per animal during six months of dry season.ConclusionsThe study revealed a high tick infestation among the TSHZ kept in extensive grazing systems in Mvomero district and that when treated with Ecotix® as pour-on preparation using a two application regime per month, the tick control strategy was effective.

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“…Some methods are under scientific scrutiny, such as vaccines (Péter and Brossard 1998), natural predators as the cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis (Alves-Branco et al 1983), the application of pheromones (De Bruyne and Guerin 1994), fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Costa et al 2002;Tellam et al 1992;Willadsen 1997) and, most frequently, the use of synthetic or natural substances with acaricide action. Examples of synthetic acaricides are the cypermethrin, amitraz (Bicalho et al 2001) and the permethrin (Melo et al 2008). The most important natural acaricides are the neem oil (Denardi et al 2010;Remedio et al 2015), andiroba oil (Roma et al 2013(Roma et al , 2015Vendramini et al 2012) and the castor oil esters (Arnosti et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deltamethrin as inductor agent of precocious ovarian degeneration in Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks

et al. 2017

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The cosmopolitan species Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. is one of the most widely distributed ticks all over the world. These ectoparasites are vectors of several pathogens and cause significant direct damage to their hosts. The biological success of these ectoparasites has been attributed to their ovaries and salivary glands, organs that ensure their survival in various environmental conditions. The importance of the ovaries in ticks is that, after mating, the individuals are able to lay approximately three thousand eggs. The present study had the objective to demonstrate the effects of deltamethrin obtained from the product Butox P CE 25 (MSD Saúde Animal, São Paulo, Brazil) on the ovarian development of R. sanguineus s.l. females. The chemical was tested in the concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm (respectively 80, 40, 20 and 10 times lower than the recommended by the manufacturer). Through the application of histological techniques and HE staining, the results showed that the deltamethrin was potentially able to modify the morphophysiology of the oocytes in all developmental stages, interfering in the vitellogenesis, causing intense vacuolation, cytoplasmic disorganization, and alterations in the chorion secretion. In addition, the chemical affected the germ vesicle of some oocytes, causing damages and hypertrophy, fragmenting the chromatin and forming bodies strongly stained by hematoxylin. Therefore, this study confirmed that the deltamethrin had an important action on the reproductive system of the R. sanguineus s.l. females, causing the precocious structural disorganization of the germ cells, consequently preventing the generation of new individuals.

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In vitro evaluation of the effects of some acaricides on life stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Cited by 25 publications

References 3 publications

Comparative efficacy of Annona squamosa and Azadirachta indica extracts against Boophilus microplus Izatnagar isolate

Comparative efficacy of Annona squamosa and Azadirachta indica extracts against Boophilus microplus Izatnagar isolate

Tick infestations in extensively grazed cattle and efficacy trial of high-cis cypermethrin pour-on preparation for control of ticks in Mvomero district in Tanzania

Deltamethrin as inductor agent of precocious ovarian degeneration in Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks

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