In vitro fermentation of a retrograded maize starch by healthy adult fecal extract and impacts of exogenous microorganisms on three acids production

Abstract

The impacts of 14 exogenous microorganisms on simulated colonic fermentation and acid production of a retrograded maize starch were studied in the present work. A commericial high‐amylose maize starch (Hylon VII) was treated by three autoclaving–cooling cycles. The obtained retrograded starch contained RS of 29.4% w/w, was used as RS‐containing substrate for an in vitro fermentation by healthy adult fecal extract at 40 g/L and 37°C for 36 h. GC analysis showed that acetic, propionic and butyric acid generated in the fermentation system were about 8.8, 2.7, and 3.2 mM, respectively. Fermented jointly by the fecal extract and one of nine prepared microorganism cultures, the retrograded starch yielded more acetic acid ranging from 16.0 to 20.3 mM. Addition of one culture from Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Bifidobacterium infantis, or B. longum other than other strains resulted in propionic and butyric acid production near to 9 mM in the fermentation system, showing favorable impacts of the four strains on two acids production. It is suggested that some microorganisms can mediate acid production during conlonic fermentation of RS or RS‐containing products, and the interaction between prebiotics and probiotics in colon‐targeted functional foods should be investigated.

Influences of exogenous probiotics and tea polyphenols on the production of three acids during the simulated colonic fermentation of maize resistant starch

“…Zhou et al (2013) reported that the production of SCFAs (especially of butyric acid) was greatly enhanced by fermentation time. When retrograded maize starch and maize RS were fermented by human intestinal microflora, certain exogenous microorganisms had beneficial effects on acid production, especially butyric acid Zhu and Zhao 2013). The results obtained in this study were consistent with those reported by other researchers; i.e., probiotics enhanced the production of acetic and butyric acid during the colonic fermentation of RS.…”

“…fermentation of maize RS and retrograded maize starch by fecal human extracts Zhu and Zhao 2013). These results suggest that certain RS-microorganism combinations could contribute to high acid production levels in the large intestine.…”

Synergic effect of exogenous microorganism combination on propionic and butyric acid formation during in vitro colonic fermentation of maize resistant starch

“…The later two researches prove that microorganisms have different ability to degrade RS into SCFAs, and provide support to the present study. It is also found in another research that E. faecalis, E. faecium, B. infantis, and B. longum can cooperate well with adult fecal extract to favor propionic and butyric acid formation from a retrograded starch containing RS [20]. This finding also gives support to the present result.…”

“…The two acids was analyzed with the same procedure and condition as the previous study [20] by an Agilent 7890 Gas Chromatography (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, USA) equipped with a HP-5 capillary column (30 m  0.32 mm  0.25 mm) and a flame ionization detector.…”

“…This has been partly reflected in a recent published research. When two strains of two Enterococcus or Bifidobacterium are applied with adult fecal extract to ferment a retrograded maize starch containing RS about 29.7%, more propionic and butyric acid are detected in the fermentation system [20]. Other investigated strains exhibit no or an unclear impact on the two acids formation.…”