In vitro fertilization (IVF): Where are we now?

Weinerman, Rachel S.

doi:10.1002/bdr2.1227

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…ART is an umbrella term used to describe the assortment of medical procedures and approaches (e.g., superovulation, in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo in vitro culture (IVC)) that can be performed to achieve pregnancy. Such procedures are now an integral part of human infertility treatment, as the number of children born by ART is estimated at more than 8 million worldwide (Weinerman, 2018). ART also plays a major role in animal reproduction to increase reproductive efficiency and genetic improvement in livestock, as well as to conserve endangered species.…”

Section: Assisted Reproductive Technology (Art)mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA methylation, environmental exposures and early embryo development

2019

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The first crucial step in the developmental program occurs during pre-implantation, the time after the oocyte has been fertilized and before the embryo implants in the uterus. This period represents a vulnerable window as the epigenome undergoes dynamic changes in DNA methylation profiles. Alterations in the early embryonic reprogramming wave can impair DNA methylation patterns and induce permanent changes to the developmental program, leading to the onset of adverse health outcomes in offspring. Although there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that harmful exposures during preimplantation embryo development can trigger lasting epigenetic alterations in offspring, the mechanisms are still not fully understood. Since physiological or pathological changes in DNA methylation can occur as a response to environmental cues, proper environmental milieu plays a critical role in the success of embryonic development. In this review, we depict the mechanisms behind the embryonic epigenetic reprogramming of DNA methylation and highlight how maternal environmental stressors (e.g., alcohol, heat stress, nutrient availability) during pre-implantation and assisted reproductive technology procedures affect development and DNA methylation marks.

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Section: Assisted Reproductive Technology (Art)mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA methylation, environmental exposures and early embryo development

2019

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“…Difficulties occurred not only due to the legal system and the specifics of legislative regulation, but also, in some cases, traditional moral values and social principles and peculiarities. 6,7 According to Islam, not only the protection of the life of fetus in mother's womb but also the life of the embryo which is produced through artificial fertilization is significant and a great responsibility. In addition, from the beginning of fertilization, the embryo should be treated as a potential human being.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IVF Children Acquiring Emirati Citizenship by the Nationality of a Parent (Jus Sanguinis)

Enizi

Mahameed

2023

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Objective. The technology of in vitro fertilization (IVF) opened a new era in the treatment of infertility but at the same time it created new challenges for civil and international private law. This concerns the issues of determining and/or acquiring child citizenship and legal conflicts associated with this. Materials and methods. This study examines the aspects of obtaining UAE citizenship through the study of the UAE Citizenship Law and the principle of jus sanguinis (right of blood) when citizenship is acquired by a parent’s nationality. The research aims to identify whether the current legislative regulation of the UAE meets the current challenges in the field of family relations against the backdrop of new medical advances in IVF. The paper considers the aspects of the UAE legal regulation in the scope of family law relationships. The above issues were considered from the critical evaluation prospects taking into account the potential ways for their improvement. Results and Discussion. The problems associated with determining the citizenship for those born as a result of IVF are the subject of discussion, while, as practice shows, the law often does not keep pace with the development of reproductive technologies. Based on the analysis of legal regulation and practice, the study summarizes the grounds for obtaining UAE citizenship by children conceived through IVF and refusals to obtain it. Conclusion. The paper recommends mitigating the requirement of proof of paternity as a condition to grant the nationality to an IVF child, especially in the case of purely medical errors in which father has no responsibility. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 03 July’23 Page : 676-686

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The status of preimplantation genetic testing in the UK and USA

2020

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STUDY QUESTION Has the number of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles in the UK and USA changed between 2014 and 2016? SUMMARY ANSWER From 2014 to 2016, the number of PGT cycles in the UK has remained the same at just under 2% but in the USA has increased from 13% to 27%. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PGT was introduced as a treatment option for couples at risk of transmitting a known genetic or chromosomal abnormality to their child. This technology has also been applied as an embryo selection tool in the hope of increasing live birth rates per transfer. ART cycles are monitored in the UK by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) and in the USA by the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART). Globally, data are monitored via the ESHRE PGT Consortium. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This cross-sectional study used the HFEA and SART databases to analyse PGT cycle data and make comparisons with IVF data to examine the success of and changes in patient treatment pathways. Both data sets were analysed from 2014 to 2016. The UK data included 3385 PGT cycles and the USA data included 94 935 PGT cycles. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Following an extensive review of both databases, filters were applied to analyse the data. An assessment of limitations of each database was also undertaken, taking into account data collection by the ESHRE PGT Consortium. In the UK and USA, the publicly available information from these datasets cannot be separated into different indications. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The proportion of PGT cycles as a total of ART procedures has remained the same in the UK but increased annually in the USA from 13% to 27%. Between 2014 and 2016 inclusive, 3385 PGT cycles have been performed in the UK, resulting in 1074 PGT babies being born. In the USA 94 935 PGT cycles have been performed, resulting in 26 822 babies being born. This gave a success rate per egg collection for PGT of 32% for the UK and 28% for the USA. Analysis of the data by maternal age shows very different patient populations between the UK and USA. These differences may be related to the way PGT is funded in the UK and USA and the lack of HFEA support for PGT for aneuploidy. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Data reported by the HFEA and SART have different limitations. As undertaken by the ESHRE PGT Consortium, both data sets should separate PGT data by indication. Although the HFEA collects data from all IVF clinics in the UK, SART data only represent 83% of clinics in the USA. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Worldwide, a consistent reporting scheme is required in which success rates can convey the effectiveness of PGT approaches for all indications. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No specific funding was obtained and there are no competing interests to declare that are directly related to this project. Joyce Harper is the director of the Embryology and PGD Academy, which offers education in these fields.

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In vitro fertilization (IVF): Where are we now?

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

DNA methylation, environmental exposures and early embryo development

DNA methylation, environmental exposures and early embryo development

IVF Children Acquiring Emirati Citizenship by the Nationality of a Parent (Jus Sanguinis)

The status of preimplantation genetic testing in the UK and USA

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