In Vitro Filaricidal Properties of Hydro-Methanolic Extracts of Powdery Fractions of Khaya senegalensis (Meliaceae) on Onchocerca ochengi

In Vitro Filaricidal Properties of Aqueous Extracts of Combretum nigricans (Combretaceae) on Onchocerca ochengi (Onchocercidae)

“…This could be related to an interaction between the bioactive compounds that decreases the filaricidal properties of the plant extract. These findings are consistent with a previous study that found flubendazole to be more active on O. ochengi than hydromethanolic extracts of Khaya senegalensis leaves and bark after 48 h incubation [ 27 ]. However, our findings contrast with those of prior research in which the methanolic extract of Indigofera tinctoria was shown to be more active than ivermectin on the adult male of O. ochengi after 72 hours of incubation at 37°C [ 50 ].…”

“…Adult male worms were found motile in the medium for 24 h while mfs were stable for 8 h of incubation at 37°C. These incubation periods are significantly shorter than those reported in a recent study by our research group, which found that the survival times of adult male worms and mfs were 3 days and 14 hours, respectively [ 27 ]. They also contrast with earlier research in Cameroon that discovered longer incubation durations for macrofilariae (5 days) [ 45 , 46 ] and mfs (7 days) [ 26 ].…”

“…To determine the optimal motility duration of these healthy worms, they were washed twice in RPMI-1640 medium (6 worms cultured in 1 mL of RPMI-1640 medium) and incubated at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere for 96 h. Two tests with 3 repetitions were carried out in 24-well plates; then, the average of the motility inhibition rates was calculated. Similarly, microfilariae were incubated at a density of 17 microfilariae/well under such conditions, and motility tests were performed every 2 h [ 27 ] for 10 h. Worms were monitored for 15 seconds apiece throughout the motility testing. Worms that were immobile for more than 15 seconds were considered dead, and those that moved were regarded as alive.…”

“…Then, 1 mL of fresh PBS was added, and grinding was carried out on a Petri dish using a scalpel. The mixture was removed and centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes, and finally, the supernatant was collected, stored in the refrigerator, and subsequently used for the different assays [ 27 ]. Quantification of levels of glutathione (GSH) [ 30 ], nitric oxide (NO) [ 31 ], malondialdehyde (MDA) [ 32 ], and catalase (CAT) activity [ 33 ] was carried out by spectrophotometric assay.…”