In Vitro Genotoxicity of Polystyrene Nanoparticles on the Human Fibroblast Hs27 Cell Line

Poma, Anna; Vecchiotti, Giulia; Colafarina, Sabrina; Zarivi, Osvaldo; Aloisi, M.; Arrizza, Lorenzo; Chichiriccò, Giuseppe; Carlo, Piero Di

doi:10.3390/nano9091299

Cited by 147 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The MPs also measurably induced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and increased histamine release from mast cell lines [118]. Poma and colleagues found that 100 nm PS NPs stimulated ROS production and induced genotoxic stress and DNA damage as measured with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay [119].…”

Section: Toxicity Of Mps/nps In Human Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Mammalian Systems

Yong

Valiyaveettil

Tang

2020

IJERPH

561

280

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Fragmented or otherwise miniaturized plastic materials in the form of micro- or nanoplastics have been of nagging environmental concern. Perturbation of organismal physiology and behavior by micro- and nanoplastics have been widely documented for marine invertebrates. Some of these effects are also manifested by larger marine vertebrates such as fishes. More recently, possible effects of micro- and nanoplastics on mammalian gut microbiota as well as host cellular and metabolic toxicity have been reported in mouse models. Human exposure to micro- and nanoplastics occurs largely through ingestion, as these are found in food or derived from food packaging, but also in a less well-defined manner though inhalation. The pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic micro- and nanoplastics exposure in the mammalian system, particularly humans, are yet unclear. In this review, we focus on the recent findings related to the potential toxicity and detrimental effects of micro- and nanoplastics as demonstrated in mouse models as well as human cell lines. The prevailing data suggest that micro- and nanoplastics accumulation in mammalian and human tissues would likely have negative, yet unclear long-term consequences. There is a need for cellular and systemic toxicity due to micro- and nanoplastics to be better illuminated, and the underlying mechanisms defined by further work.

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Section: Toxicity Of Mps/nps In Human Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Mammalian Systems

Yong

Valiyaveettil

Tang

2020

IJERPH

561

280

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“…Some recent in vitro studies have demonstrated the potential effects of MPs on human-derived cells [83][84][85]. These effects ranged from inflammation to DNA damage.…”

Section: Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effects ranged from inflammation to DNA damage. Poma et al analyzed the effects of PS nanoparticles (PS-NPs) in the Hs27 cell line at different time windows and polymer nanoparticle (PNP) concentrations [83]. The authors adopted the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay to evaluate the geno-Enyoh, et al | Microplastics exposure routes and toxicity EAHT toxic effects of the PS and the after exposure to PNPs.…”

Section: Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics Exposure Routes and Toxicity Studies to Ecosystems: An Overview

Enyoh

Shafea

Verla

et al. 2020

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

132

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Plastic products with tremendous consumption are ubiquitous in our daily lives and the annual production of plastics is drastically increasing [1]. It is now expected to reach 33 billion tonnes by 2050 [2] with plastic waste in the environment projected to reach 67.8 million metric tons by the same year [3]. The pollution of plastic cum microplastics (MPs) from degradation in the environment is currently a hot issue attracting the global attention of many scientists, governmental and non-governmental organization and the public media [3-7]. Although few studies have investigated the chemical behavior and toxicity of MPs in the natural environment, studies focusing on its toxicity in tandem with toxic chemicals to ecosystems are scarce [1,4,8]. There are many toxicology reports that MPs are harmful to ecosystems. Terrestrial organisms such as earthworms, soil collembolans, and other animals, as well as plants have been affected by MPs [1,4,9-13]. Also, aquatic organisms such fish, sandhoppers, sea turtle, crustacean and mussel have also been affected by MPs [14-15]. In addition, humans are exposed to MPs via trophic transfer or by direct ingestion, contact and inhalation and plausible effects include lung inflammation and genotoxicity may occur [1,3,16,17]. Aside from the innate toxicity of MPs, they can carry different toxic chemicals such as heavy metals and organic pollutant by adsorption process, and double the effect of such pollutants [1,8,18]. Succinctly, plastic products are made up of mixtures of polymers, fillers, and multiple additives to improve its usability. Also, there are other chemicals including unreacted monomers, starting substances and non-intentionally added substances (NIAS; impurities, side or breakdown products) that are also present in plastic. However, most of these chemicals are not covalently bound to the polymer, so they can be released at all stages of the plastics' life cycle via migration to liquids or solids or via volatilization [1]. Therefore, plastic materials are an important source of human exposure to chemicals.

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“…This issue contains mostly data from in vitro studies. In addition to classical cell lines such as hamster and human fibroblasts [ 1 , 2 ] or human lung cells [ 3 , 4 ], new models have been also used for investigating nanomaterials genotoxicity: ToxTracker reporter cell lines [ 5 ], human amniotic cells [ 6 ] and 3D HepG2 spheroids [ 7 ]. In this issue, three papers also deal with in vivo studies: on the plant Allium cepa [ 8 ], on the tadpoles of Xenopus laevis [ 9 ] and on rats [ 10 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this issue, three papers also deal with in vivo studies: on the plant Allium cepa [ 8 ], on the tadpoles of Xenopus laevis [ 9 ] and on rats [ 10 ]. Moreover, a broad range of nanomaterials have been tested, including plastic particles [ 2 ] that recently became of increasing concern for environmental and public health.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%