In Vitro/In Vivo Toxicity Evaluation and Quantification of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Patil, Ujwal S.; Adireddy, Shiva; Jaiswal, Ashvin R.; Mandava, Sree Harsha; Lee, Benjamin R.; Chrisey, Douglas B.

doi:10.3390/ijms161024417

Cited by 176 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 179 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…Iron oxide nanoparticles may come in different sizes, shapes, and crystalline forms, which may alter their toxicity. 53 It has been proposed that the ability of iron oxide nanoparticles to generate ROS is the most likely mechanism for their potential toxicity. 49 A study where iron oxide nanoparticles were orally administered at about 3 mg/kg body weight to rats over a 13-week period reported that they did not accumulate in tissues or produce toxicity.…”

Section: Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

2017

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Nanotechnology offers the food industry a number of new approaches for improving the quality, shelf life, safety, and healthiness of foods. Nevertheless, there is concern from consumers, regulatory agencies, and the food industry about potential adverse effects (toxicity) associated with the application of nanotechnology in foods. In particular, there is concern about the direct incorporation of engineered nanoparticles into foods, such as those used as delivery systems for colors, flavors, preservatives, nutrients, and nutraceuticals, or those used to modify the optical, rheological, or flow properties of foods or food packaging. This review article summarizes the application of both inorganic (silver, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and zinc oxide) and organic (lipid, protein, and carbohydrate) nanoparticles in foods, highlights the most important nanoparticle characteristics that influence their behavior, discusses the importance of food matrix and gastrointestinal tract effects on nanoparticle properties, emphasizes potential toxicity mechanisms of different food-grade nanoparticles, and stresses important areas where research is still needed. The authors note that nanoparticles are already present in many natural and processed foods, and that new kinds of nanoparticles may be utilized as functional ingredients by the food industry in the future. Many of these nanoparticles are unlikely to have adverse affects on human health, but there is evidence that some of them could have harmful effects and that future studies are required.

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Section: Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

2017

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“…45,46 This behavior can be explained by the charge on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles, which could play an important role in the intracellular uptake. 47 In this sense, there was no observable uptake of citrate-coated MNPs at concentrations of up to 0.1 mg/mL for murine macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) and Jurkat cell line (clone E6-1). At concentrations until 0.6 mg/mL, a relevant cellular uptake was observed, but the uptake of nanoparticles did not affect the viability and proliferation of the cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The intrinsic antimicrobial activity of citric acid-coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles is enhanced after conjugation with the antifungal peptide Cm-p5

López-Abarrategui¹,

Figueroa-Espí

Lugo-Alvarez³

et al. 2016

IJN

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Diseases caused by bacterial and fungal pathogens are among the major health problems in the world. Newer antimicrobial therapies based on novel molecules urgently need to be developed, and this includes the antimicrobial peptides. In spite of the potential of antimicrobial peptides, very few of them were able to be successfully developed into therapeutics. The major problems they present are molecule stability, toxicity in host cells, and production costs. A novel strategy to overcome these obstacles is conjugation to nanomaterial preparations. The antimicrobial activity of different types of nanoparticles has been previously demonstrated. Specifically, magnetic nanoparticles have been widely studied in biomedicine due to their physicochemical properties. The citric acid-modified manganese ferrite nanoparticles used in this study were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which confirmed the formation of nanocrystals of approximately 5 nm diameter. These nanoparticles were able to inhibit Candida albicans growth in vitro. The minimal inhibitory concentration was 250 µg/mL. However, the nanoparticles were not capable of inhibiting Gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli ) or Gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus ). Finally, an antifungal peptide (Cm-p5) from the sea animal Cenchritis muricatus (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) was conjugated to the modified manganese ferrite nanoparticles. The antifungal activity of the conjugated nanoparticles was higher than their bulk counterparts, showing a minimal inhibitory concentration of 100 µg/mL. This conjugate proved to be nontoxic to a macrophage cell line at concentrations that showed antimicrobial activity.

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“…It is in fact known that a significant number of newly synthesized nanocomposites successfully tested in in vitro models proved to be unsuitable when applied in vivo because of the systemic defense. 37 …”

Section: Ultrastructural Morphology For Nanotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission electron microscopy for nanomedicine: novel applications for long-established techniques

Malatesta

2016

Eur J Histochem

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During the last twenty years, the research in nanoscience and nanotechnology has dramatically increased and, in the last decade, the interest has progressively been oriented towards biomedical applications, giving rise to a new field termed nanomedicine. Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable technique not only for the thorough physico-chemical characterization of newly synthesized nanoparticulates, but especially to explore the effects of nanocomposites on biological systems, providing essential information for the development of efficient therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Thus, for the progress of nanotechnology in the biomedical field, experts in cell biology, histochemistry and ultramicroscopy should always support the chemists, physicists and pharmacologists engaged in the synthesis and characterization of innovative nanoconstructs.

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In Vitro/In Vivo Toxicity Evaluation and Quantification of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Cited by 176 publications

References 179 publications

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

The intrinsic antimicrobial activity of citric acid-coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles is enhanced after conjugation with the antifungal peptide Cm-p5

Transmission electron microscopy for nanomedicine: novel applications for long-established techniques

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