In vitro‐induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into melanocytes

Abstract

Large numbers of autogenous melanocytes (Mcs) are required when conducting studies on tissue engineering of skin and performing surgical treatment of depigmentation diseases. This study was conducted to explore the possibility of inducing differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into Mcs as a means of providing autogenous Mcs for purposes of tissue engineering and clinical treatment. MSCs were harvested from the bone marrows of black mice; and after six passages, hydrocortisone, insulin, transferrin and fibroblast growth factor were applied to induce their differentiation into Mcs. The morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the newly differentiated cells were observed. The transcription and expression of multiple markers were examined using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. Cell cycle phases and yields of Mcs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Following 120-180 days induction, differentiated cells were morphologically similar to Mcs, and mature melanosomes were observed. Multiple markers of Mcs, but not melanoma cells, were expressed by the differentiated cells. Most induced Mcs were in phase G1 or S, and yield of target cells was ∼80%. Mcs induced from bone marrow MSCs for periods of 120-180 days represent a potential source of autogenous Mcs.

Hepatocyte growth factor‐induced differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells toward hepatocyte‐like cells occurs through nuclear factor‐kappa B signaling in vitro

“…BMSCs were isolated from the whole bone marrow of Sprague Dawley rats as per the method previously described (Mei et al, ). Briefly, bone marrow was aspirated from the bilateral shinbones of adult rats and flushed with DMEM with low glucose containing 10% FBS.…”

The Effect of Bay 11-7082 Inhibits Rat BMSCs to Hepatocyte-Like Cells via NF-κB Signaling in Vitro

“…By whole bone marrow adherence method for separation of SD rats BMSCs, we took adult rats bone marrow aspirates from bilateral shinbones of normal donors, flushed with DMEM-low glucose medium supplemented with 10% FBS, and seeded directly in 25 cm 2 culture flasks at a density of 1×10 7 cells/cm 2 [5] . The cultures were maintained at 37 ºC in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2, while the non-adhered cells were removed via the culture medium changing at 24 th h during primary culturing.…”

Conceptual Approach to Early Melanoma Detection: Models, Tools, Issues and Challenges

“…Instances of patients with eruptive nevi may be better explained by circulating precursors than due to spontaneous mutations occurring at multiple different locations. Since bone marrow cells can be converted to melanocytes [27], it is rational to also consider the possibility of circulating cells giving rise to new melanocytic neoplasias [12]. This may also account for melanomas of unknown primary.…”