In Vitro Phototoxicity and Hazard Identification of Nano-scale Titanium Dioxide

Sanders, Kristen M.; Degn, Laura L.; Mundy, William R.; Zucker, Robert M.; Dreher, Kevin L.; Zhao, Bin; Roberts, Joan E.; Boyes, William K.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.10.023

Cited by 92 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, UVA irradiation leads to a significantly decreased viability percentage of the cells incubated with titanium dioxide. This effect indicates a phototoxic reaction, most probably caused by the photocatalytical formation of hydroxide radicals as it already has been suggested for titanium dioxide [26]. In contrast, adding the europium complex to the cell suspension leads to a significantly increased cell viability percentage with respect to control cells, which can be partly explained by the absorption efficiency of the complex, as well as the transformation of UV irradiation into red and infrared light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Photoprotective Properties of the Fluorescent Europium Complex in UV-Irradiated Skin

Vogt

Lademann²,

Rancan³

et al. 2013

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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In this study, we compared the UV-protective abilities of the europium complex compared to titanium dioxide, which represents the most common physical filter for ultraviolet light in the broad-band spectral range. The UV absorption and light transformative capacities of the europium complex were evaluated using a spectrometer with a double-integrating sphere showing that the europium complex does not only absorb and reflect UV light, but transforms it into red and infrared light. It was found that the europium complex binds to the surface of Jurkat cells in vitro. Cells incubated with the europium complex showed a significantly higher viability after UVA and UVB irradiation as compared to untreated cells and cells incubated with titanium dioxide pointing out its photoprotective properties. The europium complex and titanium dioxide show similar penetration capacities into the stratum corneum as tested in human and porcine skin using tape stripping analysis. The europium complex has proved to be an efficient UV filter with a low cyto- and phototoxic profile and therefore represents a potential candidate for use in sunscreen formulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Photoprotective Properties of the Fluorescent Europium Complex in UV-Irradiated Skin

Vogt

Lademann²,

Rancan³

et al. 2013

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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“…Moreover, primary particle size has an effect on toxicity of cells in culture. Sanders et al (2012) found that mixtures of 25-nm-sized anatase and 31-nm-sized rutile caused a greater degree of phototoxicity to retinal epithelial cells than did 142-and 214-nm particles of anatase and rutile, respectively. With regard to the protein adsorption ability of nano-metal oxides, Joshi et al (2012) found that the adsorption of proteins on the surface of nanoparticles depends on two factors: (i) the type and charge status of the polypeptide side chains and (ii) the type of nano-metal oxide used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Determination of Aminothiol Adsorption Properties of Titanium(IV) Oxide Nanoparticles Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fluorescence Detection

Stella

Hsieh

Garelnabi

et al. 2014

Adsorption Science & Technology

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ABSTRACT:The adsorptive properties of eight forms of nano-TiO 2 were evaluated when they were exposed to the toxic thiol-containing amino acid homocysteine. Homocysteine is an amino acid known to cause cardiovascular toxicity and neurodegenerative disorders. A homocysteine standard solution was combined with dispersions of each TiO 2 nanoparticle under physiological conditions, and then a high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection method optimized for quantification of total, unbound homocysteine was utilized. The nano-sized anatase nanoparticle removed 2.92 mg of homocysteine per microgram of nanoparticle, whereas amorphous TiO 2 only removed 3.65 ¥ 10 -3 mg of homocysteine per microgram of nanoparticle. Other nanoparticles produced values between the anatase and amorphous forms. Surface chemistries are distinguishing characteristics of these nanoparticles and are responsible for their individual physicochemical properties. Variations in results were associated with the unique combinations of size and surface area of each nanoparticle. The aminothiol adsorptive property of TiO 2 nanoparticles has potential applications in nanomedicine, biosensing, diagnostics and amino acid tagging.

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“…The ability of TiO 2 nanoparticles to induce inhibition of cell viability as well as DNA damage under UV exposure is well documented (Xue et al 2010;Park et al 2011;Shukla et al 2011;Sanders et al 2012;Jaeger et al 2012;Fenoglio et al 2013). These effects are strictly related to the photogeneration of ROS by TiO 2 nanoparticles and, in particular, to the ability to generate singlet oxygen ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of the ROS-mediated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nano-TiO2 toward human keratinocyte cells by iron doping

et al. 2014

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Inhibition of the ROS-mediated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nano-TiO 2 toward human keratinocyte cells by iron doping J Nanopart Res (2014) Nano-TiO 2 powders are widely used in sunscreen lotions as UV filters in combination with other substances. The activation of TiO 2 by UV rays leads to the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS, e.g., hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen) which are potentially harmful. For this reason the TiO 2 particles are generally coated with inert materials (e.g., silica or alumina) that inhibit such reactivity. Alternatively, the release of ROS may be inhibited by introducing in the TiO 2 lattice doping elements. In the present study we report a new modification consisting in a wet impregnation of TiO 2 with iron salts followed by a thermal treatment that results in an inhibition of the surface reactivity. The insertion of iron ions also gradually reduces the ability of photo-activated TiO 2 to cleave DNA and proteins. At the same time, a clear inhibition of cyto-and geno-toxicity toward human (HaCaT) keratinocytes was observed. The data presented herein suggest the insertion of Fe 3+ ions at the surface of nano-TiO 2 as a promising strategy to reduce the photo-induced toxicity of nano-TiO 2 powders.

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In Vitro Phototoxicity and Hazard Identification of Nano-scale Titanium Dioxide

Cited by 92 publications

References 45 publications

Photoprotective Properties of the Fluorescent Europium Complex in UV-Irradiated Skin

Photoprotective Properties of the Fluorescent Europium Complex in UV-Irradiated Skin

Determination of Aminothiol Adsorption Properties of Titanium(IV) Oxide Nanoparticles Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fluorescence Detection

Inhibition of the ROS-mediated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nano-TiO2 toward human keratinocyte cells by iron doping

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