In vitro plant tissue culture: means for production of biological active compounds

Abstract

Plant tissue culture as an important tool for the continuous production of active compounds including secondary metabolites and engineered molecules. Novel methods (gene editing, abiotic stress) can improve the technique. Humans have a long history of reliance on plants for a supply of food, shelter and, most importantly, medicine. Current-day pharmaceuticals are typically based on plant-derived metabolites, with new products being discovered constantly. Nevertheless, the consistent and uniform supply of plant pharmaceuticals has often been compromised. One alternative for the production of important plant active compounds is in vitro plant tissue culture, as it assures independence from geographical conditions by eliminating the need to rely on wild plants. Plant transformation also allows the further use of plants for the production of engineered compounds, such as vaccines and multiple pharmaceuticals. This review summarizes the important bioactive compounds currently produced by plant tissue culture and the fundamental methods and plants employed for their production.

An Extract of Transgenic Senna obtusifolia L. hairy roots with Overexpression of PgSS1 Gene in Combination with Chemotherapeutic Agent Induces Apoptosis in the Leukemia Cell Line

“…Transgenic plants are increasingly becoming an extremely attractive source of desirable biologically-active compounds [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The dynamic development of genetic engineering tools now allows plants to be modified for the most efficient production of many therapeutics, such as recombinant proteins or secondary metabolites.…”

Accumulation of valuable secondary metabolites: phenolic acids and flavonoids in different in vitro systems of shoot cultures of the endangered plant species—Eryngium alpinum L.

“…In vitro cultures bring several advantages-they enable continuous production of uniform biomass from rare and protected plants independently of climatic and environmental conditions. Moreover, plant biomass with good biotechnological parameters (for example growth rate, biomass doubling time, cell weight yield) may become the material for the phytochemical and biological research without the need to deplete natural environments (Espinosa-Leal et al 2018).…”

Comparison of Defensive Enzyme Activities in the Leaves of Seven Oriental Lily Hybrids after Inoculation with Botrytis elliptica

“…When plants are infected by pathogens, some enzyme activities are enhanced and others are reduced. These changes in enzyme activity affect various physiological and biochemical metabolic pathways in plants, consequently affecting the growth and development of plants and pathogens (Espinosa-Leal et al, 2018). Most reports have focused on enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase because these enzymes participate in not only phenol metabolism but also the formation and accumulation of bioresistant substances such as lignin and phytoalexin (Ighodaro and Akinloye, 2017).…”