In vitro propagation of an endangered medicinal herb Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. et Fernand. through somatic embryogenesis

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Plant regeneration in Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. et Fernand. from embryogenic callus and cell suspension culture and assessment of genetic fidelity of plants derived through somatic embryogenesis

“…On the other hand in present investigation, PEG was effective in promoting embryo maturation and germination, reported in C. borivilianum for first time. In earlier studies, low somatic embryo germination rates (20 % and 30 %) were reported by Purohit et al (1994) and Rizvi et al (2010) respectively, compared to higher germination rate (50 %) recorded in the present study on PEG containing medium. In Phoenix dactylifera (Alkhateeb 2006) also addition of PEG to sucrose containing medium improved maturation and germination frequency of somatic embryos.…”

“…MS medium supplemented with 15.54 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). In our earlier experiments, amongst a wide range of BAP (6.66-28.86 μM) tested for their efficacy on somatic embryo germination in C. borivilianum, BAP at 15.54 μM exhibited optimal germination (Rizvi et al 2010). …”

“…This medium was standardized in earlier experiments by testing effects of NH 4 NO 3 (1.79-10.70 mM yielding 50-300 mg nitrogen), KNO 3 (3.56-21.45 mM yielding 50-300 mg nitrogen), 2,4-D (0.45-4.52 μM), 2-iP (0.98-7.38 μM) and proline (0.38-2.29 mM) on somatic embryogenesis in C. borivilianum (Rizvi et al 2010). …”

“…Hypocotyls from seedlings were implanted on optimal callus induction medium i.e. MS medium supplemented with 1.16 μM kinetin (Kn) and 1.13 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), earlier standardized amongst different levels of Kn (0.47-2.32 μM) and 2,4-D (0.45-4.52 μM) tested in C. borivilianum (Rizvi et al 2010). …”

“…The embryogenic suspension culture has great potential for large-scale clonal propagation at rapid rate. Earlier attempts have been made for in vitro propagation of Chlorophytum borivilianum (family Liliaceae) through somatic embryogenesis by Purohit et al (1994) and Rizvi et al (2010) but precocious germination of somatic embryos, low germination rate and profuse rooting were observed. Genetic uniformity and stability of the tissue culture raised progeny is an important parameter of a micro-propagation protocol.…”