In vitro screening of mulberry ( Morus spp.) for salinity tolerance

Abstract

An efficient in vitro screening method has been developed for mulberry ( Morus spp. ) to screen salinity-tolerant genotypes from a large population. Axillary buds from field-grown plants were cultured on MS medium containing five different concentrations (0.0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.00%) of sodium chloride (NaCl) in order to study the shoot growth pattern. Rooting was also tested at four different concentrations of NaCl (0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3.%). NaCl has been found to inhibit the growth and development of mulberry shoots and roots in vitro. The survivability of the axillary buds of the genotypes tested was reduced from 83.7% for the controls to 6.1% in 1.0% NaCl. The average number of roots developed by the genotypes ranged from 11.9 (controls) to 0.2 (0.3% NaCl). Out of the 63 genotypes tested, only seven--Rotundiloba, English black, Kolitha-3, Berhampore-A, Kajli, BC(2)59 and C776--developed roots in 0.3% NaCl. Root growth was also reduced drastically from 1.8 cm for the controls to 0.1 cm in 0.3% NaCl. To test the reproducibility of the results in soil, five tolerant and two susceptible genotypes, identified in this in vitro study, were selected and tested under ex vitro conditions. The significant correlation coefficients obtained between the performances of these genotypes under both types of cultural conditions revealed that in vitro screening of mulberry through axillary bud culture is an easy and efficient method to identify salt-adapted genotypes within a limited space and time period.

A comparative <i>in vitro</i> study of salt tolerance in cultivated tomato and related wild species

“…Other investigators have reported the use of NaCl for in vitro salinity screening in other species of plants (Vijayan et al 2003;Zhao et al 2009), but the concentrations used have not been as high as those used in this study. All growth and physiological parameters were significantly affected by salt stress.…”

In Vitro Selection of Calli for Salt Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…The addition of NaCl to the culture media decreased the osmotic potential of the media inducing salinity stress that adversely affected the callus growth. Several authors reported the use of NaCl for in vitro salinity screening in different plants (Vijayan et al, 2003). In this study, the adaption capacity to different salt level varies with the genotype's degree of tolerance.…”

“…In vitro techniques make it possible to screen the required number of genotypes rapidly since in vitro plant exhibit their capacity to withstand the stress (Tewary et al, 2000). In many species like tobacco, grape, rice citrus and carrot salt tolerant lines have been isolated using in vitro techniques (Vijayan et al, 2003;Tewary et al, 2000;Ben-Hayyim, 1987). Tomato is sensitive to moderate levels of salt in the soil.…”

Physiological and biochemical characteristics associated with leaf retention in mulberry (&lt;i&gt;Morus&lt;/i&gt; spp.)

“…Based on its leaving the border lines, data was recorded in 5 crop the available information on important morphological, biochemical, anatomical, reproductive and physiological characteristics of the 162 mulberry accessions present in the germplasm bank of Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Berhampore, West Bengal [15][16][17][18][19], 23 potential parents were selected and systematic breeding was effected as described by reference [20]. From the seedling of 3500 seed, 2700 hybrids were transferred to progeny row trial and evaluated for two years for leaf yield and growth parameters (data not shown).…”