In vitro selection, regeneration and characterization of NaCl-tolerant plants of Sapindus trifoliatus: an important multipurpose tree

Abstract

The present study demonstrates the selection of NaCl tolerant callus line and regeneration of NaCl tolerant plants of Sapindus trifoliatus L. from selected callus via somatic embryogenesis. Callus induced from leaf disc explants was subjected to the selection of NaCl-tolerant callus line on MS medium containing NaCl. The exposure of embryogenic callus to NaCl (0-250 mM) allowed the selection of callus to tolerate 100 mM NaCl, and it con rms with stability test by the three consecutive transfers of 100 mM NaCl tolerant callus to a medium devoid of NaCl and re-transfer to 100 mM NaCl supplemented medium.NaCl selected and non-selected embryogenic callus lines were characterized by the analysis of callus growth, tolerance index, and accumulation of both inorganic (Na + and K + ) and organic (proline, glycine betaine and soluble sugars) content. 100mM NaCl-tolerant callus showed the formation of globular structure, which differentiated different stages of somatic embryos on a maintenance medium containing NaCl (0-200mM). Mature cotyledonary stage somatic embryos developed from 100 mM NaCl tolerant globular structure were germinated on germination medium containing NaCl. About 67 and 38% NaCl tolerant somatic embryos were germinated on a medium without NaCl and containing 100 mM NaCl, respectively. NaCl tolerant plants developed on different germination medium with NaCl survived when transplanted to 0.2 or 0.3% (w/w) NaCl mixed potting mixture. Six-month-old established 100 mM NaCl tolerant plants were characterized by analyzing various physiological and biochemical parameters i.e., chlorophyll, carotenoid, L-proline content and antioxidative (MDA, SOD, CAT and APx) activities. The results suggest that in vitro selection technique offers an e cient way to develop NaCl tolerant plants of S. trifoliatus.

GreenTray^®, a TIS Bioreactor for Plant Micropropagation and Abiotic or Biotic Stress Bioassays

“…As reported in previous works [41][42][43][44][45][46] autotrophic in vitro culture is facilitated by aeration in the culture vessel and increasing the PAR radiation without stressing the plant materials. GreenTray ® design is particularly focused in improving the aeration through two mechanisms, suction from the glass bottle containing medium or impulsion of air in the glass culture jar.…”

“…Since the container holding the culture medium is independent from the cultured plantlets, it can be aliquoted, supplemented, inoculated, and observed at any time of the culture [39,42,43]. These characteristics make of the GreenTray ® TIS bioreactor an ideal tool for experimenting with biotic and abiotic stresses agents, better than the other commercial TIS bioreactors, and superior to other containers to perform this type of studies for abiotic [44][45][46][47], or biotic [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] stress agents.…”

GreenTray®, a TIS Bioreactor for Plant Micropropagation and Abiotic or Biotic Stress Bioassays

“…As reported in previous works [41][42][43][44][45][46], autotrophic in vitro culture is facilitated by aeration in the culture vessel and increasing the PAR radiation without stressing the plant materials. GreenTray ® 's design is particularly focused on improving aeration through two mechanisms, suction from the glass bottle containing the medium or the propulsion of air into the glass culture jar.…”

“…Since the container holding the culture medium is independent from the cultured plantlets, it can be aliquoted, supplemented, inoculated, and observed at any time during culture [39,42]. These characteristics make the GreenTray ® TIS superior to other commercial TIS bioreactors and containers to perform studies on abiotic [43][44][45][46] or biotic [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] stress agents.…”