in vitro Studies with 1-hydroxy-2(1H)pyridinethione

Pansy, Felix; Ständer, Hartmut; Koerber, Walter L.; Donovick, Richard

doi:10.3181/00379727-82-20041

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…1) are the sodium salt and zinc chelate of 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethiol (Shaw et al 1950 ;Albert et al 1956 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984). Both NaPT and ZnPT have been shown to possess a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against fungal and bacterial species (Pansy et al 1953 ;Albert et al 1956 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984 ;Khattar et al 1988). They are widely used as cosmetic preservatives (Nelson and Hyde 1981 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984) and are incorporated as anti-dandruff agents in shampoos (Fredriksin and Feargeman 1983 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pyrithione biocides as inhibitors of bacterial ATP synthesis

Dinning

Al‐Adham

Eastwood³

et al. 1998

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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LI E R. 1998. Sodium pyrithione and zinc pyrithione (NaPT and ZnPT, respectively) are widely used as cosmetic preservatives and general antimicrobial agents. They have been shown to be active against fungal cell walls, associated membranes and bacterial transport processes. Investigations were undertaken into the effect of these antimicrobial agents on substrate catabolism and intracellular ATP levels using an oxygen electrode and luciferin-luciferase technology, respectively. Results indicate that, while both compounds are poor inhibitors of substrate catabolism, sub-inhibitory concentrations of biocide greatly reduces intracellular ATP levels in both Escherichia coli NCIMB 10000 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIMB 10548. This is thought to be due to the action of NaPT and ZnPT on the Gram-negative bacterial membrane. INTRODUCTIONSodium pyrithione and zinc pyrithione (NaPT and ZnPT, respectively, Fig. 1) are the sodium salt and zinc chelate of 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethiol (Shaw et al. 1950 ;Albert et al. 1956 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984). Both NaPT and ZnPT have been shown to possess a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against fungal and bacterial species (Pansy et al. 1953 ;Albert et al. 1956 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984 ;Khattar et al. 1988). They are widely used as cosmetic preservatives (Nelson and Hyde 1981 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984) and are incorporated as anti-dandruff agents in shampoos (Fredriksin and Feargeman 1983 ;Hyde and Nelson 1984). They also possess excellent metal chelating properties and ZnPT is active as a metal complex (Davies 1985 ;Fenn and Alexander 1988).Previous work has suggested that this group of compounds is membrane active. This is indicated by the inhibition of uptake of several unrelated substrates in both bacteria and fungi (Chandler and Segel 1978;Friedman 1981;Khattar et al. 1988 ;Khattar and Salt 1993) and the observed depolarization of the transmembrane electrical potential in Neurospora crassa (Ermolayeva et al. 1995). The effects of an antimicrobial agent on substrate transport and related metabolism may be used as indicators of the membrane activity of the test agent (Gilbert et al. 1991). In turn, these effects may be reflected as a reduction in intracellular ATP levels (Harold Dundee, Bell Street, Dundee, DD1 1HG,.© 1998 The Society for Applied Microbiology 1972). Regardless of substrate transport, a direct membrane effect by a biocide may decrease intracellular ATP levels via disruption of the transmembrane proton motive force (PMF) and related processes. This has been exhibited with several membrane active agents including fentichlor, PHMB, alexidine and chlorhexidine (Bloomfield 1974 ;Chopra et al. 1987 ;Chawner and Gilbert 1989).This study describes the activity of NaPT and ZnPT on substrate transport and catabolism in Escherichia coli NCIMB 10000 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIMB 10548 and the effects of these agents on bacterial intracellular ATP levels at sub-inhibitory and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Organisms and chemicalsStock cultures of Es...

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confidence: 99%

Pyrithione biocides as inhibitors of bacterial ATP synthesis

Dinning

Al‐Adham

Eastwood³

et al. 1998

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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“…The compound 2-pyridinethiol, 1-oxide and its salts have been reported to have pronounced antibacterial and antifungal activity of a type that, were it a microbiological product, would cause it to be classed as a broad-spectrum antibiotic (5,8). This property is shared by a number of other cyclic thiohydroxamic acids, variously substituted, though some are much more active than others.…”

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“…Woolley (5) noted that benzimidazole inhibited the growth of several yeasts and bacteria and observed that the inhibi-…”

Section: Norman-growth Repressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Repression of Higher Plants by 2-Pyridinethiol, 1-Oxide.

Norman

1957

Plant Physiol.

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“…In addition, pyrithiones are widely applied in fuel industries as general preservatives and are used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations intended for topical use [14]. These products exhibit high activity against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, compatible with most cosmetic ingredients, safe for topical use, biodegradable, and have high persistence [10,20]. Scientists believe that bacteria cannot develop resistance to such a powerful biocide with multiple antimicrobial mechanisms [10] Previously, it has been shown that resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 to ZnPT could be induced, and that this resistance was accompanied by loss of an outer membrane protein and increased insusceptibility toward other biocides [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most well-known of these chelators is the zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) that is used in antidandruff shampoos, and is an effective antifungal agent [19,20]. In addition, pyrithiones are widely applied in fuel industries as general preservatives and are used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations intended for topical use [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Resistance to Zinc Pyrithione: Phenotypic Changes Suggest the Involvement of Efflux Pumps

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study is to investigate the involvement of an efflux pump in the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to zinc pyrithione (ZnPT). In the presence of efflux inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone (CCCP), the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnPT for P. aeruginosa resistant cells is reduced significantly (p \ 0.05). In addition, the concentration of ZnPT excluded by the resistant bacteria was reduced significantly (p \ 0.01). However, the above reductions did not reach the levels measured for P. aeruginosa PAO1 sensitive strain. Furthermore, such changes in P. aeruginosa resistant cells were correlated with the overexpression of outer membrane proteins, reduced sensitivity toward imipenem (p \ 0.01) and increased sensitivity toward sulphatriad and chloramphenicol (p \ 0.05). In a continuation to a previous study, we conclude that P. aeruginosa resistance to ZnPT is multifactorial and involves induced efflux systems.

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in vitro Studies with 1-hydroxy-2(1H)pyridinethione

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Pyrithione biocides as inhibitors of bacterial ATP synthesis

Pyrithione biocides as inhibitors of bacterial ATP synthesis

Growth Repression of Higher Plants by 2-Pyridinethiol, 1-Oxide.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Resistance to Zinc Pyrithione: Phenotypic Changes Suggest the Involvement of Efflux Pumps

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