2001
DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(01)00820-1
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In vitro study of low-frequency ultrasound-enhanced transdermal transport of fentanyl and caffeine across human and hairless rat skin

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Cited by 80 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…In an important study, Boucaud and co-workers [26, 27] also used a 20kHz output with a 10% duty cycle and found that this beam facilitated a 3.73-fold increase in caffeine permeation across dermatomed human skin. However, this was achieved by using a SATA intensity of 2.5W/cm 2 and sonicating for a full hour.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In an important study, Boucaud and co-workers [26, 27] also used a 20kHz output with a 10% duty cycle and found that this beam facilitated a 3.73-fold increase in caffeine permeation across dermatomed human skin. However, this was achieved by using a SATA intensity of 2.5W/cm 2 and sonicating for a full hour.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further, it is also used in medical fields [8][9][10] . The ultrasonic measurements have also been used to study molecular interactions in various pure liquids 11 , liquid mixtures 12,13 and solutions of organic and inorganic compounds [14][15][16] , polymers 17 , amino acids 18 , drugs 19 etc.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ultrasound at various frequencies has been used to enhance skin permeability (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) for non-invasive transdermal drug delivery (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) and transdermal monitoring (24)(25)(26)(27) in in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. The proposed mechanisms described for this phenomenon are inertial cavitations (and induced acoustic streaming) in the ultrasound's coupling medium (28,29), and rectified diffusion inside the skin layers (30).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%