In vitro study of mycoremediation of cypermethrin-contaminated soils in different regions of Punjab

Abstract

Cypermethrin is extensively used in cotton, fruit, and vegetable crops as well as in home and garden pest control worldwide. Because of its non-degrading and persisting nature, its extensive use is a great threat to the environment. Therefore, this study was undertaken in order to isolate fungi and evaluate their potential for mycoremediation of cypermethrin. Twenty-eight fungal isolates were purified from agricultural soil and then tested for cypermethrin degradation under lab conditions. Two of the isolates, 2S3 and 4S4, showed the potential to degrade cypermethrin at a concentration of 100 mg L −1 when incubated for 5 days. Strain 2S3 showed a degradation potential of about 66 % with cypermethrin only mixed with water and almost 80 % when media and a carbon source were available. On the other hand,, strain 4S4 showed around 70 and 80 %, respectively, under the same conditions. The strains were identified by 18S rRNA sequencing and alignment. The results showed 97 % sequence similarity with Fusarium oxysporum strain 8-11P and Fusarium sp. zzz1124. Both qualitative and quantitative investigations were conducted on the pesticide residues using FTIR set-up and HPLC analysis to confirm bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated environments.

Enhanced Cypermethrin Degradation Kinetics and Metabolic Pathway in Bacillus thuringiensis Strain SG4

“…Cypermethrin metabolites were extracted with acetonitrile after 15 days of inoculation. Bond stretching was analyzed in the F-IR system at a wavelength of 400-4000 cm −1 , at the Department of Biophysics, G. B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India [35,36].…”

Biodegradation of Cypermethrin by Two Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…For P. aeruginosa 1, it was clearly note formation new three peaks, which belong to Carbonyl asymmetric, CH2 deformation in R-CH2-CN structure and Changes in peak pattern of cypermethrin under bacterial treatment as compared to zero time were observed in above table, which indicate to ability of P.aerogenosa 1&2 to increase transmission of cypermethrin bands, which indicate that decrease in concentration of compound which composed from these bands according to Beer-Lambert Law. Difference in the FTIR spectrum of zero time and after 14 days of pesticide aqueous solution indicates degradation of the organic bonds of the pesticide, also Stretching in C=C chloroalkenes, ring vibration of benzene, CH2 deformation in R-CH2-CN structure and (C=O)-O-stretching in cypermethrin were reported by [36] using Fusarium sp which approve occurrence of biodegradation.…”

Comparison the Biodegradation Efficiency of Cypermethrin by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobactercloacae

“…Difference in the FTIR spectrum of zero time and after 14 days of pesticide aqueous solution indicates degradation of the organic bonds of the pesticide, also Stretching in C=C chloroalkenes, ring vibration of benzene, CH2 deformation in R-CH2-CN structure and (C=O)-O-stretching in cypermethrin were reported by [34] using Fusariumsp which approve occurrence of biodegradation. …”